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Updated: Apr 7, 2026
Laparoscopic Extracorporeal Knot-Tying for Uterine Vessel Occlusion during Hysterectomy with Cervical Cerclage in Large Uteri
Published on: September 12, 2025
Hand-Assisted Laparoscopic Hysterectomy for Large Uteri
Teresa M Walsh1, Haleh Sangi-Haghpeykar1, Vicky Ng2
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.
Study Objective:
To determine whether laparoscopic hand-assisted hysterectomy for a large uterus had different surgical outcomes compared with traditional open hysterectomy.
Design:
Retrospective cohort study (Canadian Task Force classification II-2).
Setting:
Academic tertiary care hospital.
Patients:
Women who had undergone laparoscopic hand-assisted hysterectomy for a large uterus were included as the hand-assist group. The control group comprised patients with similar final specimen weight (>1 kg), characteristics (body mass index, age), and surgical history, who underwent open hysterectomy for a large uterus.
Intervention:
Laparoscopic hysterectomy using a hand-assist port for laparoscopic portion of the case.
Results:
The 2 groups were similar in terms of specimen weight (median, 1765.5 g for hand-assist vs 1215.50 g for controls; p = .29). In univariate analysis, the median operating time was longer in the hand-assist group compared with controls (241.5 minutes vs 185.0 minutes; p = .002), whereas median length of stay was shorter in the hand-assist group (1.0 day vs 3.0 days; p < .0001). These differences remained significant after adjustment for potential confounders in multivariable analysis (p < .05). There was no difference in estimated blood loss (p > .05) between the 2 groups, although the change in hemoglobin was less in the hand-assist group compared with controls in multivariable analysis (adjusted mean.74 vs. 1.8; p = .04). Complications were divided into intraoperative complications (transfusion, consultation, bowel injury, bladder injury, ureter injury, and other), hospital postoperative complications (reoperation, transfusion, slow return of bowel function, ileus, poor pain control, fever of unknown origin, venous thromboembolism, pneumonia, and neuropathy), and complications after discharge (readmission, wound infection). The 2 groups had a similar low rate of complications (p > .05).
Conclusion:
Laparoscopic hand-assist hysterectomy is a feasible alternative to open hysterectomy in patients with a large uterus.
