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Influence of vitamin D and estrogen receptor gene polymorphisms on calcium absorption: BsmI predicts a greater

B Chang¹, Y Schlussel¹, D Sukumar²

¹Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.

|July 14, 2015

Summary

Energy restriction reduces calcium absorption, particularly in women with the VDR BsmI BB genotype. This finding highlights the role of vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene variations in bone health during dietary changes.

Keywords:

Calcium absorption Estrogen receptor (ESR1)Gene polymorphism Vitamin D receptor (VDR)

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Area of Science:

Nutritional Science
Genetics
Bone Metabolism

Background:

Low calcium absorption is linked to reduced bone mass and increased fracture risk.
Understanding factors influencing calcium absorption is crucial for bone health management.
Genetic variations in key receptors may affect nutrient absorption and bone health.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate if polymorphisms in vitamin D receptor (VDR) and estrogen receptor alpha (ESR1) influence fractional calcium absorption (FCA) during energy restriction.
To assess the impact of VDR and ESR1 genotypes and haplotypes on FCA response to dietary changes.

Main Methods:

Dual stable isotopes ((42)Ca and (43)Ca) were used to measure FCA in 168 women.
Participants received adequate calcium and vitamin D, with measurements taken at baseline and after 6 weeks of energy restriction or no intervention.
Genotyping for VDR and ESR1 polymorphisms was performed, and relationships with FCA were analyzed using genetic models.

Main Results:

ESR1 polymorphisms (PvuII, XbaI) and some VDR polymorphisms (TaqI, ApaI) did not significantly affect FCA.
The VDR BsmI BB genotype was associated with a greater decrease in FCA compared to Bb/bb genotypes.
VDR BsmI polymorphism and the BAt haplotype, along with weight and vitamin D intake changes, explained approximately 16% of the variation in FCA changes.

Conclusions:

Energy restriction leads to a greater reduction in calcium absorption for individuals with the VDR BsmI BB genotype.
The VDR BsmI polymorphism may contribute to altered bone health by affecting intestinal calcium absorption.
These findings support previous research linking VDR polymorphisms to osteoporosis risk.