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Related Concept Videos

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Network covalent solids contain a three-dimensional network of covalently bonded atoms as found in the crystal structures of nonmetals like diamond, graphite, silicon, and some covalent compounds, such as silicon dioxide (sand) and silicon carbide (carborundum, the abrasive on sandpaper). Many minerals have networks of covalent bonds.
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Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
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For transition metal complexes, the coordination number determines the geometry around the central metal ion. Table 1 compares coordination numbers to molecular geometry. The most common structures of the complexes in coordination compounds are octahedral, tetrahedral, and square planar.
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Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 7, 2026

Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses
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Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses

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Glass formation via structural fragmentation of a 2D coordination network.

D Umeyama1, N P Funnell, M J Cliffe

  • 1Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan. horike@sbchem.kyoto-u.ac.jp.

Chemical Communications (Cambridge, England)
|July 14, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers studied the structure of a glass made from a 2D coordination network. X-ray analysis revealed a unique 2D-to-0D structural transformation during glass formation due to flexible coordination bonds.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Solid State Chemistry
  • Crystallography

Background:

  • Two-dimensional (2D) coordination networks are materials with unique structural properties.
  • Glass formation from such networks is not well understood.
  • Understanding structural transformations is key to designing new materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the structural changes occurring during the glass formation of a 2D coordination network.
  • To elucidate the mechanism behind the observed structural transformation.
  • To characterize the properties of the resulting glass.

Main Methods:

  • Melt quenching technique was employed to form the glass.
  • X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses were performed to determine the material's structure.
  • Spectroscopic methods may be used for further characterization (optional).

Main Results:

  • The study observed a significant structural transformation from a 2D to a 0D (zero-dimensional) structure.
  • This transformation occurred during the process of glass formation.
  • The mechanism involves the unique characteristics of coordination compounds, specifically their labile and flexible coordination bonds.

Conclusions:

  • Glass formation from 2D coordination networks involves a unique 2D-to-0D structural transformation.
  • The flexibility and lability of coordination bonds in these compounds drive this transformation.
  • This finding offers insights into the synthesis and properties of novel glassy materials.