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Related Experiment Video

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Engineering Platform and Experimental Protocol for Design and Evaluation of a Neurally-controlled Powered Transfemoral Prosthesis
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Reverse Engineering Nature to Design Biomimetic Total Knee Implants.

Kartik Mangudi Varadarajan1, Thomas Zumbrunn1, Harry E Rubash1

  • 1Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.

The Journal of Knee Surgery
|July 14, 2015
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Summary

This study introduces a biomimetic design for total knee arthroplasty (TKA) implants. These novel articular surfaces aim to restore natural knee feel and function after TKA surgery.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Contemporary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) offers clinical benefits but does not fully restore natural knee feel and function.
  • Existing TKA designs may be incompatible with normal knee kinematics and soft-tissue interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and describe a novel biomimetic design process for total knee arthroplasty (TKA) articular surfaces.
  • To evaluate the compatibility of biomimetic surfaces with normal knee kinematics and soft-tissue envelope.

Main Methods:

  • Reverse engineering of "biomimetic" articular surfaces by tracking in vivo kinematics of normal knees.
  • Carving tibial articular surfaces from a rectangular block based on femoral component movement.
  • Utilizing geometric comparisons and kinematic simulations to analyze implant designs.

Main Results:

  • Conventional TKA tibial articular surfaces demonstrate fundamental incompatibility with normal knee motion.
  • The biomimetic articular surface geometry directly contributes to restoring normal knee kinematics.
  • Biomimetic implants show potential for achieving a "normal" knee feel and function post-TKA.

Conclusions:

  • A novel biomimetic design process can create TKA articular surfaces compatible with natural knee function.
  • Biomimetic TKA implants offer a promising approach to achieving superior functional outcomes in patients.
  • This design strategy may lead to the long-sought goal of a "normal" knee following TKA surgery.