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Related Concept Videos

Phase Transitions01:21

Phase Transitions

71
A phase transition is the process in which a substance changes from one state of matter to another, like from a solid to a liquid, liquid to gas, or vice versa, at a specific temperature and under given pressure conditions. This change is spontaneous and is affected by alterations in temperature and pressure. These parameters impact the strength of the forces between molecules (intermolecular forces) in the substance.During a phase transition, both the initial and final phases of the substance...
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Phase Transitions02:31

Phase Transitions

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Whether solid, liquid, or gas, a substance's state depends on the order and arrangement of its particles (atoms, molecules, or ions). Particles in the solid pack closely together, generally in a pattern. The particles vibrate about their fixed positions but do not move or squeeze past their neighbors. In liquids, although the particles are closely spaced, they are randomly arranged. The position of the particles are not fixed—that is, they are free to move past their neighbors to...
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Phase Diagram01:19

Phase Diagram

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The phase of a given substance depends on the pressure and temperature. Thus, plots of pressure versus temperature showing the phase in each region provide considerable insights into the thermal properties of substances. Such plots are known as phase diagrams. For instance, in the phase diagram for water (Figure 1), the solid curve boundaries between the phases indicate phase transitions (i.e., temperatures and pressures at which the phases coexist).
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Phase Diagram01:24

Phase Diagram

136
A phase diagram is a graphical representation of the physical states of a substance under different conditions of temperature and pressure. It shows the boundaries between solid, liquid, and gas phases and the conditions at which these phases coexist in equilibrium. An area in a phase diagram represents a single phase, whereas lines or phase boundaries represent the equilibrium between two phases.In the phase diagram of water, the boundary line between the solid and liquid states illustrates...
136
Phase Diagrams02:39

Phase Diagrams

51.9K
A phase diagram combines plots of pressure versus temperature for the liquid-gas, solid-liquid, and solid-gas phase-transition equilibria of a substance. These diagrams indicate the physical states that exist under specific conditions of pressure and temperature and also provide the pressure dependence of the phase-transition temperatures (melting points, sublimation points, boiling points). Regions or areas labeled solid, liquid, and gas represent single phases, while lines or curves represent...
51.9K
Phase Transitions: Melting and Freezing02:39

Phase Transitions: Melting and Freezing

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Heating a crystalline solid increases the average energy of its atoms, molecules, or ions, and the solid gets hotter. At some point, the added energy becomes large enough to partially overcome the forces holding the molecules or ions of the solid in their fixed positions, and the solid begins the process of transitioning to the liquid state or melting. At this point, the temperature of the solid stops rising, despite the continual input of heat, and it remains constant until all of the solid is...
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Related Experiment Video

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Sputter Growth and Characterization of Metamagnetic B2-ordered FeRh Epilayers
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High-pressure phase transitions in ordered and disordered Bi2Te2Se.

M B Nielsen1, P Parisiades, S R Madsen

  • 1Center for Materials Crystallography (CMC), Department of Chemistry and iNANO, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. bremholm@chem.au.dk.

Dalton Transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003)
|July 15, 2015
PubMed
Summary

High pressure studies reveal phase transitions in ordered and disordered Bi2Te2Se. Disorder minimally impacts transition pressures, but influences electronic topological transitions and bulk moduli.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Crystallography

Background:

  • Ternary tetradymite-like compounds, such as Bi2Te2Se, exhibit complex phase behavior under pressure.
  • Understanding the influence of atomic site disorder on these transitions is crucial for materials design.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate pressure-induced phase transitions in ordered and disordered Bi2Te2Se.
  • To determine the effect of Se/Te site disorder on the equation of state and transition pressures.
  • To characterize the high-pressure phases and their structural properties.

Main Methods:

  • Synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) utilizing diamond anvil cells (DACs).
  • High-pressure measurements up to 59 GPa.
  • Analysis of structural changes and fitting of the Birch-Murnaghan equation of state (EoS).

Main Results:

  • Identified electronic topological transitions (ETTs) at distinct pressures for ordered (4.4 GPa) and disordered (3.1 GPa) samples.
  • Observed a phase transition near 11 GPa to a structure isostructural with β-Bi2Te3.
  • A complex cubic phase, resembling δ-Bi2Te3, emerged at 17-20 GPa, with structural details deviating from simple body-centered cubic models.

Conclusions:

  • Se/Te site disorder has a minor effect on the transition pressures but significantly influences the ETT pressure.
  • The high-pressure phases of Bi2Te2Se exhibit complex structures not fully described by existing models for binary analogues.
  • The study provides critical data on the high-pressure behavior of ternary tetradymites.