Recurrent waist tumor subsequent to percutaneous nephrolithotomy: A case report

The present study reports the case of a 39-year old male patient with a recurrent waist tumor that occurred subsequent to percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). The patient initially underwent PCNL for the management of right calculus of the kidney. Six years later, the patient underwent local mass resection for a tumor at the waist, which was subsequently diagnosed as adenocarcinoma. However, seven months subsequent to local resection, the patient presented to the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya Medical School with a one-month history of a recurrent tumor located at the right waist. Physical examination identified no visible skin lesions; however, a palpable hard nodule was present over the right waist. Imaging studies, consisting of computed tomography (CT) and positron emission tomography-CT, indicated no additional metastases. Therefore, the patient underwent local mass resection of the waist tumor. Subsequent histological examination determined a diagnosis of metastatic adenocarcinoma. Considering the previously conducted PCNL surgery and the diagnosis, it is proposed that the recurrent waist tumor originated from renal cell carcinoma (RCC), also termed renal adenocarcinoma. However, no evidence of the original RCC tumor was identified. Therefore, the selection of an effective treatment strategy was challenging.