Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Phase Transitions01:21

Phase Transitions

71
A phase transition is the process in which a substance changes from one state of matter to another, like from a solid to a liquid, liquid to gas, or vice versa, at a specific temperature and under given pressure conditions. This change is spontaneous and is affected by alterations in temperature and pressure. These parameters impact the strength of the forces between molecules (intermolecular forces) in the substance.During a phase transition, both the initial and final phases of the substance...
71
Phase Transitions02:31

Phase Transitions

23.9K
Whether solid, liquid, or gas, a substance's state depends on the order and arrangement of its particles (atoms, molecules, or ions). Particles in the solid pack closely together, generally in a pattern. The particles vibrate about their fixed positions but do not move or squeeze past their neighbors. In liquids, although the particles are closely spaced, they are randomly arranged. The position of the particles are not fixed—that is, they are free to move past their neighbors to...
23.9K
Phase Transitions: Sublimation and Deposition02:33

Phase Transitions: Sublimation and Deposition

21.0K
Some solids can transition directly into the gaseous state, bypassing the liquid state, via a process known as sublimation. At room temperature and standard pressure, a piece of dry ice (solid CO2) sublimes, appearing to gradually disappear without ever forming any liquid. Snow and ice sublimate at temperatures below the melting point of water, a slow process that may be accelerated by winds and the reduced atmospheric pressures at high altitudes. When solid iodine is warmed, the solid sublimes...
21.0K
Phase Transitions: Melting and Freezing02:39

Phase Transitions: Melting and Freezing

15.7K
Heating a crystalline solid increases the average energy of its atoms, molecules, or ions, and the solid gets hotter. At some point, the added energy becomes large enough to partially overcome the forces holding the molecules or ions of the solid in their fixed positions, and the solid begins the process of transitioning to the liquid state or melting. At this point, the temperature of the solid stops rising, despite the continual input of heat, and it remains constant until all of the solid is...
15.7K
Phase Transitions: Vaporization and Condensation02:39

Phase Transitions: Vaporization and Condensation

22.2K
The physical form of a substance changes on changing its temperature. For example, raising the temperature of a liquid causes the liquid to vaporize (convert into vapor). The process is called vaporization—a surface phenomenon. Vaporization occurs when the thermal motion of the molecules overcome the intermolecular forces, and the molecules (at the surface) escape into the gaseous state. When a liquid vaporizes in a closed container, gas molecules cannot escape. As these gas phase molecules...
22.2K
Dynamic Equilibrium02:20

Dynamic Equilibrium

67.3K
A reversible chemical reaction represents a chemical process that proceeds in both forward (left to right) and reverse (right to left) directions. When the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal, the concentrations of the reactant and product species remain constant over time and the system is at equilibrium. A special double arrow is used to emphasize the reversible nature of the reaction. The relative concentrations of reactants and products in equilibrium systems vary greatly;...
67.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Clusia genomes shed light on the evolution and diversity of crassulacean acid metabolism physiotypes.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Population genetics and phylogenomic insights into the origin of economically important black pepper (Piper nigrum).

American journal of botany·2026
Same author

Crossover of critical behavior in dynamic phase transitions of multilayer Ising model systems.

Physical review. E·2025
Same author

In Situ Observation of Polyoxometalate Formation by Vibrational Spectroscopy.

Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2025
Same author

Monte Carlo study of the two-dimensional kinetic Ising model under a nonantisymmetric magnetic field.

Physical review. E·2025
Same author

<i>Bertieraacutiflora</i> (Rubiaceae, Bertiereae), a new combination based on the overlooked <i>Psychotriaacutiflora</i>.

PhytoKeys·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 7, 2026

Orientational Transition in a Liquid Crystal Triggered by the Thermodynamic Growth of Interfacial Wetting Sheets
06:26

Orientational Transition in a Liquid Crystal Triggered by the Thermodynamic Growth of Interfacial Wetting Sheets

Published on: May 15, 2017

7.7K

Nonuniversal surface behavior of dynamic phase transitions.

Patricia Riego1, Andreas Berger1

  • 1CIC nanoGUNE, E-20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|July 15, 2015
PubMed
Summary

We investigated dynamic phase transitions in kinetic Ising models with surfaces. Surface transitions depend on field amplitude and period, with suppression observed for low fields, unlike equilibrium models.

More Related Videos

Phase Behavior of Charged Vesicles Under Symmetric and Asymmetric Solution Conditions Monitored with Fluorescence Microscopy
10:08

Phase Behavior of Charged Vesicles Under Symmetric and Asymmetric Solution Conditions Monitored with Fluorescence Microscopy

Published on: October 24, 2017

9.7K
An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids
11:03

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids

Published on: December 4, 2017

9.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 7, 2026

Orientational Transition in a Liquid Crystal Triggered by the Thermodynamic Growth of Interfacial Wetting Sheets
06:26

Orientational Transition in a Liquid Crystal Triggered by the Thermodynamic Growth of Interfacial Wetting Sheets

Published on: May 15, 2017

7.7K
Phase Behavior of Charged Vesicles Under Symmetric and Asymmetric Solution Conditions Monitored with Fluorescence Microscopy
10:08

Phase Behavior of Charged Vesicles Under Symmetric and Asymmetric Solution Conditions Monitored with Fluorescence Microscopy

Published on: October 24, 2017

9.7K
An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids
11:03

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids

Published on: December 4, 2017

9.1K

Area of Science:

  • Statistical Mechanics
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Surface Science

Background:

  • The kinetic Ising model describes magnetic systems with dynamic transitions.
  • Understanding surface effects is crucial for magnetic materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate dynamic phase transitions (DPTs) in kinetic Ising models with surfaces.
  • To explore the influence of surface coupling, field amplitude, and period on DPTs.

Main Methods:

  • Mean-field approximation applied to the kinetic Ising model.
  • Analysis of layer-dependent magnetization and phase diagrams.
  • Systematic variation of surface exchange coupling J(s), field amplitude h(0), and period P.

Main Results:

  • Surface phase diagrams exhibit similarities to equilibrium cases for high J(s).
  • For low J(s), nonuniversal surface behavior emerges, dependent on h(0).
  • A bulk-supported surface DPT occurs for high h(0) and short critical periods, suppressed for low h(0).

Conclusions:

  • Surface DPTs are suppressed for low field amplitudes due to insufficient time correlation between surface and bulk magnetizations.
  • The penetration depth of the dynamically ordered phase for high J(s) matches equilibrium Ising model behavior.
  • Dynamic surface transitions can differ significantly from equilibrium behavior.