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Related Concept Videos

Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

21.5K
Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....
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Lattice Centering and Coordination Number02:33

Lattice Centering and Coordination Number

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The structure of a crystalline solid, whether a metal or not, is best described by considering its simplest repeating unit, which is referred to as its unit cell. The unit cell consists of lattice points that represent the locations of atoms or ions. The entire structure then consists of this unit cell repeating in three dimensions. The three different types of unit cells present in the cubic lattice are illustrated in Figure 1.
Types of Unit Cells
Imagine taking a large number of identical...
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Structures of Solids02:22

Structures of Solids

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Solids in which the atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a definite repeating pattern are known as crystalline solids. Metals and ionic compounds typically form ordered, crystalline solids. A crystalline solid has a precise melting temperature because each atom or molecule of the same type is held in place with the same forces or energy. Amorphous solids or non-crystalline solids (or, sometimes, glasses) which lack an ordered internal structure and are randomly arranged. Substances that...
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Imperfections in Crystal Structure: Point, Line and Plane Defects01:25

Imperfections in Crystal Structure: Point, Line and Plane Defects

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A perfect crystal, in theory, has a uniform structure with the same unit cell and lattice points throughout. However, any deviation from this periodic arrangement is known as an imperfection or defect. These defects can be categorized into three types: point, line, and plane defects.Point defects occur when there is a deviation from the ideal due to missing atoms, displaced atoms, or additional atoms. These imperfections might occur due to imperfect packing during crystallization or because of...
101
Polymer Classification: Crystallinity01:21

Polymer Classification: Crystallinity

4.3K
Unlike ionic or small covalent molecules, polymers do not form crystalline solids due to the diffusion limitations of their long-chain structures. However, polymers contain microscopic crystalline domains separated by amorphous domains.
Crystalline domains are the regions where polymer chains are aligned in an orderly manner and held together in proximity by intermolecular forces. For example, chains in the crystalline domains of polyethylene and nylon are bound together by van der Waals...
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Network Covalent Solids02:18

Network Covalent Solids

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Network covalent solids contain a three-dimensional network of covalently bonded atoms as found in the crystal structures of nonmetals like diamond, graphite, silicon, and some covalent compounds, such as silicon dioxide (sand) and silicon carbide (carborundum, the abrasive on sandpaper). Many minerals have networks of covalent bonds.
To break or to melt a covalent network solid, covalent bonds must be broken. Because covalent bonds are relatively strong, covalent network solids are typically...
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Electric-field Control of Electronic States in WS2 Nanodevices by Electrolyte Gating
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Low-Dimensional Topological Crystalline Insulators.

Qisheng Wang1, Feng Wang1, Jie Li1

  • 1National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|July 16, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Topological crystalline insulators (TCIs) offer robust surface states protected by symmetry. Low-dimensional TCIs enhance these states for novel quantum applications by increasing their surface-to-volume ratio.

Keywords:
insulatorslow-dimensional TCIstopological crystalline insulatorstopological surface transporttunable spintronic devicesvan der Waals epitaxy

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Quantum Phenomena

Background:

  • Topological crystalline insulators (TCIs) possess unique surface states protected by point-group symmetry, distinct from conventional topological insulators (TIs).
  • These materials hold promise for spintronics, quantum computation, sensors, detectors, and thermoelectric devices.
  • A key challenge is the suppression of topological surface states by bulk carriers, hindering practical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in the controllable synthesis of low-dimensional TCIs.
  • To explore the topological surface transport phenomena in these materials.
  • To discuss future research directions for low-dimensional TCIs.

Main Methods:

  • Focus on controllable synthesis techniques for low-dimensional topological crystalline insulators.
  • Analysis of quantum transport phenomena originating from topological surface states.
  • Review of experimental progress and theoretical understanding.

Main Results:

  • Low-dimensional TCIs significantly increase the surface-to-volume ratio, enhancing the contribution of topological surface states.
  • Controllable growth has enabled the observation of unique quantum transport phenomena.
  • Researchers have achieved significant progress in synthesizing and characterizing these materials.

Conclusions:

  • Low-dimensional TCIs are crucial for overcoming the limitations of bulk carrier suppression.
  • The controllable synthesis and study of their surface transport are vital for realizing their potential applications.
  • Further research into low-dimensional TCIs will unlock new quantum phenomena and technological advancements.