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Calcium-Scoring CT ScanA calcium-scoring CT scan, also known as coronary artery calcium (CAC) scan, detects calcium deposits in the coronary arteries. This test assesses the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), which can lead to cardiovascular events such as angina, heart failure, and sudden cardiac arrest.A calcium-scoring CT scan is generally recommended for individuals at intermediate risk of CAD without symptoms. It includes:Men aged 40-75 and women aged 50-75: Especially those with a...
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Minerals are essential nutrients that the human body needs in small amounts to work properly. They play a vital role in many bodily functions, such as building strong bones and transmitting nerve impulses. Some minerals are needed for hormone production or to maintain a normal heartbeat. Major minerals include calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, sodium, chlorine, and magnesium, while trace minerals include iron, manganese, copper, iodine, zinc, cobalt, fluoride, and selenium.
 
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Related Experiment Video

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A Semi-Automated and Reproducible Biological-Based Method to Quantify Calcium Deposition In Vitro
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Calcium supplements: benefits and risks.

I R Reid1,2, S M Bristow1, M J Bolland1

  • 1Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.

Journal of Internal Medicine
|July 16, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Calcium supplements are not necessary for bone health in older women, as dietary intake shows no link to bone loss. The risks of supplements outweigh potential benefits, including increased gastrointestinal issues and cardiovascular events.

Keywords:
bone densitycalcium balancecalcium intakefractureosteoporosis

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Area of Science:

  • Nutritional Science
  • Gerontology
  • Bone Metabolism

Background:

  • Optimal dietary calcium intake remains debated, particularly concerning osteoporosis pathogenesis.
  • Existing research shows limited correlation between calcium consumption and bone density or loss rates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between dietary calcium intake and bone loss in healthy older women.
  • To evaluate the efficacy and safety of calcium supplements in osteoporosis prevention and treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Re-analysis of data from the placebo group of the Auckland Calcium Study.
  • Assessment of bone loss over five years in women with varying calcium intakes (400-1500 mg/day).
  • Review of meta-analyses and recent studies on calcium supplement efficacy and adverse events.

Main Results:

  • No significant relationship was found between dietary calcium intake and the rate of bone loss.
  • Calcium supplements showed acute, short-term benefits on bone resorption and density but no cumulative effect.
  • Fracture prevention efficacy remains unproven, with no clear benefit for hip fractures.
  • Supplements increased gastrointestinal side effects, renal calculi, and myocardial infarction risk.

Conclusions:

  • Calcium supplements are not indicated for routine use in osteoporosis prevention or treatment due to a negative risk-benefit profile.
  • Dietary calcium intake within a wide range appears sufficient for maintaining bone health in healthy older women.
  • Adverse effects associated with calcium supplements may negate any potential benefits in fracture prevention.