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Updated: Apr 7, 2026

Synovial Fluid Analysis to Identify Osteoarthritis
Published on: October 20, 2022
Unravelling osteoarthritis-related synovial fibrosis: a step closer to solving joint stiffness
Dennis F G Remst1, Esmeralda N Blaney Davidson1, Peter M van der Kraan2
1Radboud University Medical Center, Experimental Rheumatology, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Abstract:
Synovial fibrosis is often found in OA, contributing heavily to joint pain and joint stiffness, the main symptoms of OA. At this moment the underlying mechanism of OA-related synovial fibrosis is not known and there is no cure available. In this review we discuss factors that have been reported to be involved in synovial fibrosis. The aim of the study was to gain insight into how these factors contribute to the fibrotic process and to determine the best targets for therapy in synovial fibrosis. In this regard, the following factors are discussed: TGF-β, connective tissue growth factor, procollagen-lysine, 2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 2, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1, A disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain 12, urotensin-II, prostaglandin F2α and hyaluronan.
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