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Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Overview01:13

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Recently, the development of olefin metathesis polymerization advanced the field of polymer synthesis. Simply put, the reorganization of substituents on their double bonds between two olefins in the presence of a catalyst is known as the olefin metathesis reaction. The use of metathesis reaction for polymer synthesis is called olefin metathesis polymerization.
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The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the...
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Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Acyclic Diene Metathesis (ADMET)00:53

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Acyclic diene metathesis polymerization or ADMET polymerization involves cross-metathesis of terminal dienes, such as 1,8-nonadiene, to give linear unsaturated polymer and ethylene. As ADMET is a reversible process, the formed ethylene gas must be removed from the reaction mixture to complete the polymerization process.
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Polymers02:34

Polymers

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The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the...
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Step-growth or condensation polymerization is a stepwise reaction of bi or multifunctional monomers to form long-chain polymers. As all the monomers are reactive, most of the monomers are consumed at the early stages of the reaction to form small chains of reactive oligomers, which then combine to form long polymer chains in the late stages. Hence, the reaction has to proceed for a long time to achieve high molecular weight polymers.
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Ziegler–Natta Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:17

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Ziegler–Natta polymerization is another form of addition or chain‐growth polymerization used for synthesizing linear polymers over branched polymers. The catalyst used for polymerization is the Ziegler–Natta catalyst, named after Karl Ziegler and Giulio Natta, who developed it in 1953. This catalyst is an organometallic complex of titanium tetrachloride and triethyl aluminum, with the active form of the catalyst being an alkyl titanium compound. Using the Ziegler–Natta...
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Supramolecular Polymerization Engineered with Molecular Recognition.

Takeharu Haino1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan. haino@hiroshima-u.ac.jp.

Chemical Record (New York, N.Y.)
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PubMed
Summary

Supramolecular polymers offer versatile alternatives to traditional polymers. Researchers developed novel host-guest systems using calix[5]arene and bisporphyrin, and new bisresorcinarenes, to create advanced supramolecular polymers with unique properties.

Keywords:
host-guest systemsmolecular recognitionpolymersself-assemblysupramolecular chemistry

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Area of Science:

  • Supramolecular Chemistry
  • Polymer Science
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Supramolecular polymeric assemblies are a versatile class of molecular assemblies.
  • Limited host-guest recognition motifs have been used for supramolecular polymer synthesis.
  • Covalent polymers have limitations that supramolecular polymers can overcome.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore novel host-guest recognition motifs for supramolecular polymer synthesis.
  • To develop supramolecular polymers exhibiting polymer-like properties.
  • To investigate new bisresorcinarene-based supramolecular polymers.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing calix[5]arene and bisporphyrin host molecules for unique guest encapsulation.
  • Synthesizing supramolecular polymers based on identified host-guest interactions.
  • Developing new bisresorcinarenes for supramolecular polymer formation.
  • Characterizing the properties of the synthesized supramolecular polymers in solution and solid states.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated unique guest encapsulations with calix[5]arene and bisporphyrin motifs.
  • Successfully synthesized supramolecular polymers exhibiting polymer-like characteristics.
  • Developed novel bisresorcinarenes capable of forming supramolecular polymers.
  • Established rim-to-rim hydrogen-bonded dimeric structures in bisresorcinarene-based polymers.

Conclusions:

  • Supramolecular polymers offer significant advantages over covalent polymers due to their versatility.
  • Novel host-guest systems based on calix[5]arene, bisporphyrin, and bisresorcinarenes are effective for creating advanced supramolecular materials.
  • The developed supramolecular polymers display promising properties for various applications.