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Causes of chronic kidney disease in Egyptian children

Hesham Safouh1, Fatina Fadel, Rascha Essam

  • 1Center for Pediatric Nephrology and Transplantation, New Children Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.

Saudi Journal of Kidney Diseases and Transplantation : an Official Publication of the Saudi Center for Organ Transplantation, Saudi Arabia
|July 17, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Obstructive uropathy is the leading cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Egyptian children. Most pediatric CKD patients require advanced treatment, with hemodialysis being the predominant therapy for end-stage renal disease.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Limited published data exists on the etiology of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Egyptian pediatric populations.
  • Understanding CKD causes in children is crucial for targeted prevention and management strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and report the primary causes of chronic kidney disease (CKD) among Egyptian children.
  • To analyze the distribution of CKD stages and treatment modalities in this cohort.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of medical records for 1018 Egyptian pediatric patients with CKD (aged 1-19 years) across 11 university centers.
  • Data collection included patient demographics, CKD etiology, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), CKD stage, and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) treatment.

Main Results:

  • The most frequent causes of CKD were obstructive uropathy (21.7%), primary glomerulonephritis (15.3%), and reflux/urinary tract infection (14.6%).
  • Unknown causes accounted for 20.6% of cases. The majority of patients (57.6%) presented with advanced CKD stage V.
  • Among 587 patients with ESRD, 93.5% received hemodialysis, while 6.5% underwent peritoneal dialysis.

Conclusions:

  • Obstructive uropathy is the leading identifiable cause of CKD in Egyptian children, highlighting the need for early diagnosis and intervention.
  • The high prevalence of advanced CKD stages and reliance on hemodialysis underscore significant challenges in pediatric kidney care in Egypt.

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