The Reversible Corpus Callosum Splenium Lesion in A Neonate with Hypoglycemia and Seizure

Reversible splenial lesion syndrome is a distinct clinicoradiological syndrome with diverse etiologies. Hypoglycemia induced reversible splenial lesion syndrome has been documented in adults and children, but rare in neonates. We demonstrate a neonate with hypoglycemia presenting with a typical reversible splenial syndrome.

Patient A four-day-old male neonate had hypoglycemia and seizure, whose symptoms improved soon after glucose supplementation. Magnetic resonance imaging examination showed restricted diffusion of the splenium of the corpus callosum. Proton MR spectroscopy revealed a decreased N-acetylaspartate peak. The lesion resolved in subsequent MRI images. The patient is free from clinical symptoms and has normal development currently.

The patient presented typical clinical course and radiological features of reversible splenial lesion syndrome. Through timely and proper treatment, the outcome could be favorable.