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[The 'Guideline for OSAS in children']

H J Remmelink

    Nederlands Tijdschrift Voor Tandheelkunde
    |July 18, 2015
    PubMed

    Insights

    Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome in children is linked to health and developmental issues. New Dutch guidelines prioritize adenotonsillectomy but consider orthodontic options for specific jaw-related cases.

    Area of Science:

    • Pediatric Sleep Medicine
    • Otolaryngology
    • Orthodontics

    Context:

    • Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) in children presents with repetitive upper airway obstructions during sleep.
    • Pediatric OSAS is associated with significant medical and developmental comorbidities, including failure to thrive, cardiovascular issues, and neurocognitive deficits.

    Purpose:

    • To outline the recently developed Dutch multidisciplinary guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome.
    • To define the roles of various treatment modalities, including surgical and orthodontic interventions, within the new guidelines.

    Summary:

    • The guidelines establish adenotonsillectomy as the primary treatment for pediatric OSAS.
    • Distraction surgery is indicated for severe cases linked to midfacial hypoplasia or micrognathia.
    • Orthodontic treatments like mandibular repositioning and rapid maxillary expansion are considered secondary options for selected cases with specific jaw discrepancies, aiming to increase upper airway volume.

    Impact:

    • Provides a standardized, evidence-based approach to managing pediatric obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome in the Netherlands.
    • Clarifies the indications and limitations for surgical and orthodontic interventions, guiding clinical decision-making.
    • Highlights the potential of specific orthodontic therapies in selected pediatric OSAS patients, offering alternative or adjunctive treatment strategies.

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