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Allergic Reactions

Allergic Reactions

Cross-reactivity

Cross-reactivity

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin,...

Antibody Structure

Antibody Structure

Overview
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are essential players of the adaptive immune system. These antigen-binding proteins are produced by B cells and make up 20 percent of the total blood plasma by weight. In mammals, antibodies fall into five different classes, which each elicits a different biological response upon antigen binding.
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Antibodies consist of four polypeptide chains: two identical heavy...

Pollination and Flower Structure

Pollination and Flower Structure

Flowers are the reproductive, seed-producing structures of angiosperms. Typically, flowers consist of sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels. Sepals and petals are the vegetative flower organs. Stamens and carpels are the reproductive organs.

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity

An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 6, 2026

A Component-resolved Diagnostic Approach for a Study on Grass Pollen Allergens in Chinese Southerners with Allergic Rhinitis and/or Asthma

A Component-resolved Diagnostic Approach for a Study on Grass Pollen Allergens in Chinese Southerners with Allergic Rhinitis and/or Asthma

Published on: June 4, 2017

Tree pollen allergens-an update from a molecular perspective.

C Asam¹, H Hofer¹, M Wolf¹

¹Department of Molecular Biology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.

|July 18, 2015

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Tree pollen allergies affect many individuals. This review details molecular aspects of tree pollen allergens, including their distribution, sensitization factors, and cross-reactivity, aiding clinical applications.

Keywords:

allergen cross-reactivity allergen exposure molecular allergology tree pollen allergy tree pollen sensitization

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Removal and Replacement of Endogenous Ligands from Lipid-Bound Proteins and Allergens

Published on: February 24, 2021

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Last Updated: Apr 6, 2026

A Component-resolved Diagnostic Approach for a Study on Grass Pollen Allergens in Chinese Southerners with Allergic Rhinitis and/or Asthma

A Component-resolved Diagnostic Approach for a Study on Grass Pollen Allergens in Chinese Southerners with Allergic Rhinitis and/or Asthma

Published on: June 4, 2017

Flow Cytometric Analysis of Particle-bound Bet v 1 Allergen in PM10

Flow Cytometric Analysis of Particle-bound Bet v 1 Allergen in PM10

Published on: November 19, 2016

Removal and Replacement of Endogenous Ligands from Lipid-Bound Proteins and Allergens

Removal and Replacement of Endogenous Ligands from Lipid-Bound Proteins and Allergens

Published on: February 24, 2021

Area of Science:

Allergy and Immunology
Molecular Biology
Environmental Health

Background:

Pollen allergies impact approximately 40% of allergic individuals globally.
Tree pollen allergies are primarily triggered by trees in the Fagales, Lamiales, Proteales, and Pinales orders.
The cloning of the Bet v 1 gene over 25 years ago marked a significant advancement in understanding birch pollen allergens.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide a comprehensive overview of the molecular aspects of tree pollen allergens.
To analyze the geographic distribution of allergenic trees and factors influencing allergic sensitization.
To describe the role of tree pollen panallergens in cross-reactivity.

Main Methods:

Review of existing scientific literature on tree pollen allergens.
Analysis of molecular data, including protein characterization and gene cloning.
Examination of epidemiological data on geographic distribution and sensitization factors.

Main Results:

Identification and acknowledgment of 53 tree pollen allergens by the WHO/IUIS.
Elucidation of immunological connections and allergen cross-reactivity through molecule-based profiling.
Advancements in biochemistry revealing structural and functional aspects of allergenic proteins.

Conclusions:

Ongoing identification of novel allergenic tree species and pollen allergens.
Research in tree pollen allergens is highly competitive and crucial for clinical applications.
Understanding molecular aspects aids in diagnosing and managing pollen allergies.