Prevalence and correlates of mitral annular calcification in adults with chronic kidney disease: Results from CRIC study
Related Experiment Video
Updated: Apr 6, 2026
A Semi-Automated and Reproducible Biological-Based Method to Quantify Calcium Deposition In Vitro
Published on: June 2, 2022
Moshrik Abd Alamir1, Vlad Radulescu2, Michael Goyfman2
1Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA, Torrance, CA, USA.
Insights
Mitral annular calcification (MAC) in kidney disease patients is linked to age, being Caucasian, lower GFR, and higher phosphate levels. Certain demographics showed protective effects against MAC.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Cardiology
- Radiology
Background:
- Mitral annular calcification (MAC) shares risk factors with cardiovascular disease (CVD).
- Understanding independent risk factors for MAC in chronic kidney disease is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate independent associations between MAC and demographic, traditional, and novel CVD risk factors.
- Utilize cardiac CT data from the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) study.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional analysis of 2070 CRIC study participants.
- Coronary calcium scanning performed, with MAC presence dichotomized.
- Multivariable regression adjusted for age, BMI, lipids, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, and renal parameters.
Main Results:
- Prevalence of MAC was 16.0% (331/2070 subjects).
- Independent predictors of MAC included older age, White race, decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and elevated phosphate.
- African American and Hispanic race, and former smoking status were associated with lower MAC prevalence.
Conclusions:
- In the CRIC population, MAC is independently associated with age, Caucasian race, reduced GFR, and elevated phosphate.
- These findings suggest underlying mechanisms related to inflammation, hormone, and electrolyte dysregulation in renal disease.
Background:
Risk factors for mitral annular calcification (MAC) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) demonstrate significant overlap in the general population. The aim of this paper is to determine whether there are independent relationships between MAC and demographics, traditional and novel CVD risk factors using cardiac CT in the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) in a cross-sectional study.
Methods:
A sample of 2070 subjects underwent coronary calcium scanning during the CRIC study. Data were obtained for each participant at time of scan.
Subjects:
were dichotomized into the presence and absence of MAC. Differences in baseline demographic and transitional risk factor data were evaluated across groups. Covariates used in multivariable adjustment were age, gender, BMI, HDL, LDL, lipid lowering medications, smoking status, family history of heart attack, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, phosphate, PTH, albuminuria, and calcium.
Results:
Our study consisted of 2070 subjects, of which 331 had MAC (prevalence of 16.0%). The mean MAC score was 511.98 (SD 1368.76). Age and white race remained independently associated with presence of MAC. Decreased GFR was also a risk factor. African American and Hispanic race, as well as former smoking status were protective against MAC. In multivariable adjusted analyses, the remaining covariates were not significantly associated with MAC. Among renal covariates, elevated phosphate was significant.
Conclusion:
In the CRIC population, presence of MAC was independently associated with age, Caucasian race, decreased GFR, and elevated phosphate. These results are suggested by mechanisms of dysregulation of inflammation, hormones, and electrolytes in subjects with renal disease.
Related Concept Videos
01:24Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations
01:25Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction
01:28Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care
01:23Mitral Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests
01:23Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests
01:22Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction