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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 6, 2026

Assessing the Coherence of Parents' Short Narratives Regarding their Child Using the Five-Minute Speech Sample Procedure
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Content words in Hebrew child-directed speech.

L Adi-Bensaid1, A Ben-David2, G Tubul-Lavy3

  • 1Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Ono Academic College, Israel; Speech and Hearing Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel.

Infant Behavior & Development
|July 20, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hebrew child-directed speech (CDS) and adult-directed speech (ADS) show similar high usage of nouns and verbs. However, adult-directed speech primarily features verbs, unlike the noun-bias seen in child language acquisition.

Keywords:
Child-directed speechContent wordsLexical categoriesNoun-biasVerb-bias

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Area of Science:

  • Linguistics
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Psycholinguistics

Background:

  • The 'noun-bias' phenomenon describes a tendency for children's early vocabularies to favor nouns over other word classes.
  • Previous research indicates a noun-bias in the lexicon of Hebrew-speaking children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the presence of the 'noun-bias' phenomenon in Hebrew child-directed speech (CDS) and adult-directed speech (ADS).
  • To describe the usage patterns of different content word classes (nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs) in Hebrew parental speech directed at children of varying ages, compared to speech directed at adults.

Main Methods:

  • Collected speech samples from 30 infants (aged 8.5-33 months) and 18 parents in three developmental stages: pre-lexical, single-word, and early grammar.
  • Acquired CDS data during naturalistic parent-child interactions (e.g., meals, bathing, play).
  • Acquired ADS data from parent-experimenter interactions (e.g., video viewing, interviews). Analyzed 200 transcribed utterances per sample for types and tokens, using quantitative and qualitative methods.

Main Results:

  • In CDS, parents used nouns and verbs at similar, high rates, significantly exceeding adjective and adverb usage, across all infant age groups.
  • In ADS, verbs were the predominant lexical category in both types and tokens used by parents.
  • A negative correlation was observed between high verb usage in parental speech and the 'noun-bias' phenomenon in the child's lexicon.

Conclusions:

  • Parental speech patterns, specifically the high frequency of verbs in both CDS and ADS, may influence or counteract the 'noun-bias' observed in child language acquisition.
  • Linguistic properties of the input language (e.g., pro-drop parameter) and caregiver interaction styles are significant factors shaping lexical choices in parental speech.