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Gum acacia mitigates genetic damage in adenine-induced chronic renal failure in rats
B H Ali1, K Al Balushi1, I Al-Husseini2
1Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Al-Khod, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman.
Background:
Subjects with chronic renal failure (CRF) exhibit oxidative genome damage, which may predispose to carcinogenesis, and Gum acacia (GumA) ameliorates this condition in humans and animals. We evaluated here renal DNA damage and urinary excretion of four nucleic acid oxidation adducts namely 8-oxoguanine (8-oxoGua), 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG), 8-oxoguanosine (8-oxoGuo) and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanisone (8-OHdg) in rats with adenine (ADE)-induced CRF with and without GumA treatment.
Materials And Methods:
Twenty-four rats were divided into four equal groups and treated for 4 weeks. The first group was given normal food and water (control). The second group was given normal food and GumA (15% w/v) in drinking water. The third group was fed powder diet containing adenine (ADE) (0·75% w/w in feed). The fourth group was fed like in the third group, plus GumA in drinking water (15%, w/v).
Results:
ADE feeding induced CRF (as measured by several physiological, biochemical and histological indices) and also caused a significant genetic damage and significant decreases in urinary 8-oxo Gua and 8-oxoGuo, but not in the other nucleic acids. However, concomitant GumA treatment reduced the level of genetic damage in kidney cells as detected by Comet assay and significantly reversed the effect of adenine on urinary 8-oxoGuo.
Conclusions:
Treatment with GumA is able to mitigate genetic damage in renal tissues of rats with ADE-induced CRF.
Insights
Gum acacia (GumA) treatment mitigates oxidative genome damage in rats with chronic renal failure (CRF). This study shows GumA reduces kidney DNA damage and reverses altered urinary nucleic acid oxidation adducts in adenine-induced CRF rats.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Toxicology
- Genetics
Background:
- Chronic renal failure (CRF) is linked to oxidative genome damage, potentially increasing cancer risk.
- Gum acacia (GumA) has demonstrated protective effects against oxidative stress in various models.
- This study investigates GumA's impact on renal DNA damage and specific oxidation adducts in an animal model of CRF.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the effect of Gum acacia on renal DNA damage in rats with adenine-induced chronic renal failure.
- To assess changes in urinary excretion of four key nucleic acid oxidation adducts (8-oxoguanine, 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine, 8-oxoguanosine, and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanisone) following Gum acacia treatment.
Main Methods:
- Adenine was administered to induce chronic renal failure in rats over a 4-week period.
- Four groups of rats were used: control, Gum acacia only, adenine only, and adenine plus Gum acacia.
- Renal DNA damage was assessed using the Comet assay, and urinary adducts were measured.
Main Results:
- Adenine-induced CRF resulted in significant genetic damage in kidney cells and altered urinary levels of 8-oxoguanine and 8-oxoguanosine.
- Gum acacia treatment significantly reduced the genetic damage observed in kidney cells.
- Gum acacia also significantly reversed the adenine-induced changes in urinary 8-oxoguanosine excretion.
Conclusions:
- Gum acacia treatment effectively mitigates genetic damage in the renal tissues of rats experiencing adenine-induced chronic renal failure.
- These findings suggest a potential therapeutic role for Gum acacia in managing oxidative stress-related kidney damage.
