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Related Concept Videos

Lossy Lines and Overvoltages01:22

Lossy Lines and Overvoltages

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Transmission-line series resistance and shunt conductance cause three primary effects: attenuation, distortion, and power losses.
Attenuation
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Boundary Conditions: Lossless Lines01:21

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Consider a single-phase, two-wire, lossless transmission line terminated by an impedance at the receiving end and a source with Thevenin voltage and impedance at the sending end. The line, with length, has a surge impedance and wave velocity determined by the line's inductance and capacitance.
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Mutations are changes in the sequence of DNA. These changes can occur spontaneously or they can be induced by exposure to environmental factors. Mutations can be characterized in a number of different ways: whether and how they alter the amino acid sequence of the protein, whether they occur over a small or large area of DNA, and whether they occur in somatic cells or germline cells.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 6, 2026

Continuous-Wave Propagation Channel-Sounding Measurement System - Testing, Verification, and Measurements
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Dead time effects in non-line-of-sight ultraviolet communications.

Robert J Drost, Brian M Sadler, Gang Chen

    Optics Express
    |July 21, 2015
    PubMed
    Summary

    Dead time in photon-counting receivers significantly impacts ultraviolet communications (UVC) performance. This study introduces a model to analyze dead time effects and guide receiver design for reliable non-line-of-sight (NLOS) UVC systems.

    Area of Science:

    • Optical Communications
    • Photonics
    • Wireless Communication Systems

    Background:

    • Ultraviolet communications (UVC) leverage deep-ultraviolet (200-300 nm) radiation for non-line-of-sight (NLOS) optical links.
    • Photon-counting receivers in UVC systems can suffer from dead time, hindering performance.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To extend the NLOS UVC channel model to incorporate receiver dead time.
    • To analyze the impact of dead time on UVC system performance.
    • To inform the design of UVC receivers that mitigate dead time effects.

    Main Methods:

    • Developed an extended NLOS UVC channel model accounting for photon-counting receiver dead time.
    • Utilized experimentally collected channel-sounding data for model validation.
    • Investigated the effects of dead time on communication performance through simulations and analysis.

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    Main Results:

    • Dead time introduces significant performance degradation in practical UVC systems.
    • The proposed modeling framework accurately represents dead time effects.
    • Validated model with real-world channel data.

    Conclusions:

    • Dead time is a critical factor affecting UVC performance.
    • The developed model is valuable for designing UVC receivers with dead time compensation.
    • Further research into dead time mitigation strategies is warranted.