Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Upsampling01:22

Upsampling

709
Managing signal sampling rates is essential in digital signal processing to maintain signal integrity. A decimated signal, characterized by a reduced frequency range due to its lower sampling rate, can be upsampled by inserting zeros between each sample. This upsampling process expands the original spectrum and introduces repeated spectral replicas at intervals dictated by the new Nyquist frequency. To refine this zero-inserted sequence, it is passed through a lowpass filter with a cutoff...
709
Frequency-Domain Interpretation of PD Control01:24

Frequency-Domain Interpretation of PD Control

425
Proportional-Derivative (PD) controllers are widely used in fan control systems to improve stability and performance. A fan control system can be effectively represented using a Bode plot to illustrate the impact of a PD controller through its transfer function. The Bode plot visually conveys how PD control modifies the fan's response across various frequencies, providing a frequency domain interpretation of the controller's behavior.
The proportional control gain, combined with the...
425
Linear Approximation in Frequency Domain01:26

Linear Approximation in Frequency Domain

434
Linear systems are characterized by two main properties: superposition and homogeneity. Superposition allows the response to multiple inputs to be the sum of the responses to each individual input. Homogeneity ensures that scaling an input by a scalar results in the response being scaled by the same scalar.
In contrast, nonlinear systems do not inherently possess these properties. However, for small deviations around an operating point, a nonlinear system can often be approximated as linear....
434
Time-Domain Interpretation of PD Control01:07

Time-Domain Interpretation of PD Control

446
Proportional-Derivative (PD) control is a widely used control method in various engineering systems to enhance stability and performance. In a system with only proportional control, common issues include high maximum overshoot and oscillation, observed in both the error signal and its rate of change. This behavior can be divided into three distinct phases: initial overshoot, subsequent undershoot, and gradual stabilization.
Consider the example of control of motor torque. Initially, a positive...
446
Aliasing01:18

Aliasing

815
Accurate signal sampling and reconstruction are crucial in various signal-processing applications. A time-domain signal's spectrum can be revealed using its Fourier transform. When this signal is sampled at a specific frequency, it results in multiple scaled replicas of the original spectrum in the frequency domain. The spacing of these replicas is determined by the sampling frequency.
If the sampling frequency is below the Nyquist rate, these replicas overlap, preventing the original...
815
Bandpass Sampling01:17

Bandpass Sampling

631
In signal processing, bandpass sampling is an effective technique for sampling signals that have most of their energy concentrated within a narrow frequency band. This type of signal is known as a bandpass signal. The key principle of bandpass sampling involves sampling the signal at a rate that is greater than twice the signal's bandwidth to prevent aliasing.
A bandpass signal has a spectrum with a lower frequency limit, denoted as ω1, and an upper frequency limit, denoted as ω2....
631

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Atypical chemokine receptor 3 regulates synaptic removal in disease astrocytes.

Molecular neurodegeneration·2026
Same author

Neurological manifestations in children with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a French multicentric cohort.

European journal of paediatric neurology : EJPN : official journal of the European Paediatric Neurology Society·2025
Same author

French guidelines for the diagnosis and management of MOG antibody-associated disease.

Revue neurologique·2025
Same author

Point-Of-Care Ultrasound as a First-Line Tool for Acute Diverticulitis in a Military Setting.

Journal of clinical ultrasound : JCU·2025
Same author

Frequency and clinical relevance of MOG-antibodies in CSF in pediatric patients with MOG antibody-associated diseases.

European journal of paediatric neurology : EJPN : official journal of the European Paediatric Neurology Society·2024
Same author

Plan quality assessment of modern radiosurgery technologies in the treatment of multiple brain metastases.

Biomedical physics & engineering express·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 6, 2026

Quasi-light Storage for Optical Data Packets
07:45

Quasi-light Storage for Optical Data Packets

Published on: February 6, 2014

11.4K

Sub-Nyquist field trial using time frequency packed DP-QPSK super-channel within fixed ITU-T grid.

L Potì, G Meloni, G Berrettini

    Optics Express
    |July 21, 2015
    PubMed
    Summary

    Sub-Nyquist time frequency packing enabled a 975 Gb/s super-channel transmission over 995 km, achieving high spectral efficiency. This technique offers robust performance with low-complexity modulation formats for long-haul optical networks.

    More Related Videos

    Tracking Infiltration Front Depth Using Time-lapse Multi-offset Gathers Collected with Array Antenna Ground Penetrating Radar
    07:14

    Tracking Infiltration Front Depth Using Time-lapse Multi-offset Gathers Collected with Array Antenna Ground Penetrating Radar

    Published on: May 1, 2018

    8.3K
    Continuous-Wave Propagation Channel-Sounding Measurement System - Testing, Verification, and Measurements
    09:36

    Continuous-Wave Propagation Channel-Sounding Measurement System - Testing, Verification, and Measurements

    Published on: June 25, 2021

    3.6K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Apr 6, 2026

    Quasi-light Storage for Optical Data Packets
    07:45

    Quasi-light Storage for Optical Data Packets

    Published on: February 6, 2014

    11.4K
    Tracking Infiltration Front Depth Using Time-lapse Multi-offset Gathers Collected with Array Antenna Ground Penetrating Radar
    07:14

    Tracking Infiltration Front Depth Using Time-lapse Multi-offset Gathers Collected with Array Antenna Ground Penetrating Radar

    Published on: May 1, 2018

    8.3K
    Continuous-Wave Propagation Channel-Sounding Measurement System - Testing, Verification, and Measurements
    09:36

    Continuous-Wave Propagation Channel-Sounding Measurement System - Testing, Verification, and Measurements

    Published on: June 25, 2021

    3.6K

    Area of Science:

    • Optical Communications
    • Signal Processing
    • Telecommunications Engineering

    Background:

    • Super-channel technology is crucial for increasing optical network capacity.
    • Spectral efficiency remains a key challenge in long-haul transmissions.
    • Low-order modulation formats offer OSNR robustness but limited data rates.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate the Sub-Nyquist time frequency packing technique in a real-world super-channel field trial.
    • To evaluate the performance of a 975 Gb/s DP-QPSK super-channel over a 995 km link.
    • To assess the spectral efficiency and OSNR performance compared to existing systems.

    Main Methods:

    • Field trial transmission over a 995 km deployed link between Sydney and Melbourne.
    • Utilized Sub-Nyquist time frequency packing with DP-QPSK modulation.
    • Employed coherent detection with iterative maximum-a-posteriori (MAP) decoding at the receiver.
    • Transmission within a 50 GHz ITU-T grid alongside 40/100 Gb/s channels.

    Main Results:

    • Successfully transmitted a 975 Gb/s DP-QPSK super-channel over 995 km.
    • Achieved a spectral efficiency of 5.58 bit/s/Hz with OSNR comparable to 100 Gb/s channels.
    • Demonstrated co-propagation with existing 40/100 Gb/s channels without additional penalty.
    • Achieved a potential SE·d product of 9254 bit/s/Hz·km in a loopback configuration.

    Conclusions:

    • Sub-Nyquist time frequency packing is a viable technique for high-capacity long-haul optical transmissions.
    • The demonstrated technique enables efficient spectral usage with robust, lower-complexity modulation formats.
    • This advancement has significant implications for future optical network design and capacity upgrades.