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Related Concept Videos

Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy01:30

Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy

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Dilated cardiomyopathy, or DCM, is a progressive myocardial disorder characterized by ventricular chamber dilation and contractile dysfunction.EtiologyVarious factors can cause DCM, including hypertension and heavy alcohol intake, which contribute to the weakening and enlargement of the heart muscle. Viral infections, such as Coxsackievirus B, adenoviruses, and influenza, can lead to DCM by causing inflammation and damage to heart tissue. Certain chemotherapeutic agents, including daunorubicin,...
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Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy01:29

Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

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Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM, is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy without ventricular dilation. It is more common in men and is typically diagnosed in young, athletic adults.EtiologyHCM is primarily genetic and is caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins. Researchers have identified over 1400 mutations across at least 11 different genes. Among these, the most frequently occurring mutations are found in the...
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Cardiomyopathy V: Interprofessional Care01:29

Cardiomyopathy V: Interprofessional Care

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Managing cardiomyopathy involves addressing underlying or precipitating causes, treating heart failure with medications, and implementing dietary changes and a balanced exercise and rest regimen.Lifestyle ModificationsCardiomyopathy patients should adopt a low-sodium diet to reduce fluid retention and manage heart failure. A personalized exercise and rest plan helps maintain physical fitness without overstraining the heart. Avoiding alcohol and tobacco is essential to prevent further damage to...
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Cardiomyopathy VII: Pre and Post Operative Nursing Management01:28

Cardiomyopathy VII: Pre and Post Operative Nursing Management

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Patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction who remain symptomatic despite optimal medical therapy may undergo a septal myectomy (Morrow procedure). This procedure involves excising a portion of the hypertrophied septum below the aortic valve using a heart-lung machine to improve blood flow through the LVOT. Effective preoperative and postoperative nursing management ensures successful patient outcomes, minimizes complications, and...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 6, 2026

Cox-Maze IV Procedure Concomitant with Valvular Surgery In Situs Inversus Dextrocardia: A Single-Center Experience in China
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Cardiac malposition (ectopia cordis) in a cat.

Melinda M Lopez1, Alan B Kuzma1, Marco L Margiocco1

  • 1Canada West Veterinary Specialists, 1988 Kootenay Street, Vancouver, British Columbia, V5M 4Y3, Canada.

Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care (San Antonio, Tex. : 2001)
|July 22, 2015
PubMed
Summary

This study details a rare case of cardiac malposition in a cat, successfully treated with surgical intervention. Early diagnosis and treatment of this congenital anomaly in felines can lead to a positive prognosis.

Keywords:
cardiac defectectopia cordisright-sided heart failure

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Cardiology
  • Comparative Pathology

Background:

  • Cardiac malposition, a rare congenital anomaly, involves the abnormal positioning of the heart.
  • This condition can lead to significant physiological compromise, including congestive heart failure.

Observation:

  • A 2-year-old British Shorthair cat presented with bicavitary effusion and signs of right-sided congestive heart failure.
  • Diagnostic imaging revealed the heart displaced into the abdomen through a diaphragmatic defect, with pericardial constriction and caudal vena cava kinking.

Findings:

  • Surgical repositioning of the heart into the thoracic cavity was performed.
  • A subtotal pericardectomy and repair of the diaphragmatic defect were successfully completed.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the importance of timely diagnosis and surgical management for cardiac malposition in cats.
  • Successful surgical intervention offers a favorable outcome for this previously undescribed anomaly in feline patients.