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Developing crash modification functions for pedestrian signal improvement.

Emanuele Sacchi1, Tarek Sayed1, Ahmed Osama1

  • 1The University of British Columbia, Department of Civil Engineering, 6250 Applied Science Lane, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.

Accident; Analysis and Prevention
|July 22, 2015
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Installing pedestrian signals at intersections enhances pedestrian safety. This study developed crash modification functions (CMFunctions) to accurately assess their safety impact, considering site variations and time trends for better traffic control evaluation.

Keywords:
Before–after studyCrash modification functionsFull BayesIntersection safetyPedestrian signals

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Area of Science:

  • Traffic Engineering
  • Road Safety
  • Transportation Planning

Background:

  • Pedestrian signals are crucial for safe intersection crossings, yet their safety benefits are under-researched.
  • Existing safety evaluations often use simplistic before-after methods with methodological limitations.
  • Crash Modification Functions (CMFunctions) offer a more robust approach by accounting for site-specific characteristics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the safety impact of installing pedestrian signals at signalized intersections.
  • To develop advanced CMFunctions that incorporate treatment site heterogeneity and time-dependent effects.
  • To improve the methodology for evaluating the safety effectiveness of traffic control devices.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized an observational before-after study framework to develop CMFunctions.
  • Incorporated treatment site heterogeneity using fixed-effects and random-effects regression models.
  • Employed non-linear intervention (Koyck) models within a hierarchical full Bayes context to account for time trends.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated the significance of considering heterogeneity in circulating volumes and area types.
  • Highlighted the importance of including a time variable to capture the gradual effect of safety interventions.
  • Developed CMFunctions that provide a more nuanced understanding of pedestrian signal safety benefits.

Conclusions:

  • Heterogeneity and time trends are critical factors in developing accurate CMFunctions for pedestrian signal safety.
  • Advanced methodologies like CMFunctions are essential for reliable evaluation of traffic control treatments.
  • This research provides a foundation for more effective pedestrian safety strategies at signalized intersections.