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Is tibetan polyandry adaptive? : Methodological and metatheoretical analyses.

E A Smith1

  • 1Department of Anthropology, University of Washington, Box 353100, 98195-3100, Seattle, WA. easmith@u.washington.edu.

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|July 22, 2015
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Summary

This study explores the adaptive significance of Tibetan polyandry using new methods to analyze inclusive fitness. It argues that adaptationist explanations do not require specific cognitive mechanisms or exact historical parallels.

Keywords:
Evolutionary psychologyInclusive fitnessKin selectionMating systemsMember-joiner conflictsOptimal group sizePolyandryTibet

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary Anthropology
  • Behavioral Ecology
  • Human Evolutionary Biology

Background:

  • Tibetan polyandry presents a complex case for understanding reproductive strategies and social structures.
  • Ongoing debates question the adaptive significance of polyandrous marriage systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To address methodological and metatheoretical aspects of the adaptive significance of Tibetan polyandry.
  • To develop and apply new methods for analyzing inclusive fitness in polyandrous systems.
  • To counter critiques of adaptationist explanations for polyandry.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a method for estimating relatedness among fraternal co-husbands in multigenerational polyandry.
  • Applied Hamilton's rule and a member-joiner model to assess inclusive fitness variations.
  • Utilized existing datasets, including Crook and Crook (1988), for analysis.

Main Results:

  • Quantified how inclusive fitness gains for co-husbands can vary based on seniority, opportunity costs, and group size.
  • Provided a framework for evaluating adaptationist hypotheses against critiques from evolutionary psychology.
  • Demonstrated that adaptationist explanations do not necessitate specific evolved cognitive mechanisms for polyandry.

Conclusions:

  • Valid adaptationist explanations for Tibetan polyandry are possible without requiring evolved cognitive mechanisms for the practice itself.
  • The study supports the utility of inclusive fitness theory in understanding complex social behaviors like polyandry.
  • Critiques of adaptationism in evolutionary psychology are addressed, advocating for nuanced explanations of cultural practices.