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Cerebral functional connectivity periodically (de)synchronizes with anatomical constraints.

Raphaël Liégeois1, Erik Ziegler2, Christophe Phillips3,2

  • 1Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium. R.Liegeois@ulg.ac.be.

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This study reveals that brain connectivity patterns dynamically shift over time, influenced by both structural and functional connections. These dynamic changes, particularly in default mode and executive control networks, may relate to consciousness and mind wandering.

Keywords:
DWIDynamicsFMRIFunctional connectivityMind wanderingMultimodal imagingSpontaneous activityStructural connectivityWindowing

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Brain Imaging

Background:

  • Resting-state functional connectivity (FC) is typically analyzed statically.
  • The relationship between structural connectivity (SC) and FC is not fully understood dynamically.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the dynamic relationship between SC and FC over time.
  • To explore how SC influences the temporal evolution of FC patterns.
  • To identify brain networks involved in dynamic connectivity fluctuations.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) BOLD time courses for FC.
  • Employed fiber tractography to estimate SC.
  • Developed a dynamic analysis comparing time-windowed FC with SC, assessing statistical significance via phase permutations.

Main Results:

  • A significant peak in SC-FC correlation was observed for time window widths of 20-30 TR (40-60 s).
  • FC patterns dynamically oscillated between high modularity (anatomy-driven) and low modularity (inter-network driven) states.
  • Default mode and executive control networks showed the most significant contribution to whole-brain FC fluctuations.

Conclusions:

  • SC acts as a transitory architecture supporting dynamic FC patterns.
  • Dynamic FC analysis reveals a more nuanced view of brain network interactions than static analysis.
  • Fluctuations in default mode and executive control networks may be linked to consciousness and mind wandering.