Radiographic and Computed Tomographic Configuration of Incomplete Proximal Fractures of the Proximal Phalanx in...

Area of Science:

• Equine orthopedics
• Veterinary diagnostic imaging
• Equine surgery

Background:

• Incomplete proximal fractures of the proximal phalanx (P1) are a concern in non-racing horses.
• Accurate characterization of these fractures is crucial for effective treatment and prognosis.

Purpose of the Study:

• To characterize the configuration of incomplete proximal P1 fractures in horses not used for racing.
• To compare the diagnostic capabilities of radiography and computed tomography (CT) for these fractures.

Main Methods:

• A historical cohort study of 24 horses with incomplete proximal P1 fractures.
• Analysis of radiographic and CT findings using subjective grading and quantitative measurements.
• Comparison of fracture identification, size, and location between radiography and CT.

Main Results:

• Computed tomography (CT) was superior to radiography in identifying and characterizing fractures.
• Fractures were predominantly in the mid-sagittal plane (92%) and often not bicortical.
• A specific pattern of parallel subchondral lines was observed in 54% of cases.
• Forelimb fractures were located more dorsally than hind limb fractures.

Conclusions:

• Incomplete proximal P1 fractures exhibit considerable variability in configuration, especially dorsopalmar/-plantar location.
• CT provides superior visualization and characterization of these fractures compared to radiography.
• CT is recommended for definitive diagnosis and detailed assessment of incomplete proximal P1 fractures.