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A comparison of the postoperative pain experience in children with and without attention-deficit hyperactivity

Sondra Rosander1, Rebecca Nause-Osthoff1, Terri Voepel-Lewis1

  • 1Division of Pediatric Anesthesiology, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.

Paediatric Anaesthesia
|July 23, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) experienced similar postoperative pain and opioid use as peers without ADHD. However, children with ADHD took longer to resume normal activities post-surgery.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Surgery
  • Pain Management
  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Background:

  • Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may alter pain perception in children, but existing research is inconclusive.
  • This study aimed to compare postoperative pain in children with and without ADHD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and compare the postoperative pain experience in children diagnosed with ADHD versus those without the condition.
  • To assess differences in pain scores, analgesic requirements, and recovery time.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective observational study involving 119 children with ADHD and 122 matched controls aged 7-17 years undergoing surgery.
  • Data collected included postoperative pain scores (0-10 NRS), opioid use for one week, and parents' estimates of return to normal activity.

Main Results:

  • No significant differences were found in highest pain scores (ADHD: 3.3 ± 2.5 vs. controls: 2.8 ± 1.9) or day 1 opioid use.
  • Children with ADHD demonstrated a significantly longer duration to return to normal activity (4.9 ± 3.8 days) compared to controls (3.8 ± 3.0 days).

Conclusions:

  • Postoperative pain intensity and initial analgesic needs appear comparable between children with and without ADHD.
  • The prolonged recovery time in children with ADHD highlights the need for parental education on their child's postoperative experience.
Abstract

Keywords:
attention-deficit hyperactivity disorderchildpostoperative pain

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