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Tumor Immunotherapy

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.

Targeted Cancer Therapies

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...

Cancer Therapies

Cancer Therapies

Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...

Hepatitis

Hepatitis

Hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver most commonly caused by hepatotropic viruses (A–E), though non-infectious causes such as alcohol and drugs also exist.Hepatitis AHepatitis A virus (HAV) is a non-enveloped RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family. It is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route, typically through ingestion of contaminated food or water. After ingestion, HAV enters the bloodstream through the oropharynx or intestinal epithelium and reaches the liver.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 6, 2026

An Oncogenic Hepatocyte-Induced Orthotopic Mouse Model of Hepatocellular Cancer Arising in the Setting of Hepatic Inflammation and Fibrosis

An Oncogenic Hepatocyte-Induced Orthotopic Mouse Model of Hepatocellular Cancer Arising in the Setting of Hepatic Inflammation and Fibrosis

Published on: September 12, 2019

Immune therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma.

¹Gastroenterology and Liver Units, Department of Medicine, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, POB 12000, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel. ilan@hadassah.org.il.

Hepatology International

|July 24, 2015

Summary

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) immunotherapy shows promise for patients lacking treatment options. This review explores novel approaches like adoptive immunity and immune modulation to enhance anti-tumor responses against HCC.

Keywords:

Hepatocellular carcinoma Immune therapy Oral tolerance

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An Oncogenic Hepatocyte-Induced Orthotopic Mouse Model of Hepatocellular Cancer Arising in the Setting of Hepatic Inflammation and Fibrosis

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Mass Cytometry Analysis of Systemic and Local Immune Responses in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Mass Cytometry Analysis of Systemic and Local Immune Responses in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Published on: April 25, 2025

Area of Science:

Oncology
Immunology
Hepatology

Background:

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer mortality globally.
Many HCC patients lack effective treatment options.
Impaired immune response to tumor antigens contributes to HCC progression.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent advancements in immunotherapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC).
To explore novel strategies for augmenting anti-tumor immunity in HCC.
To summarize immunotherapeutic approaches targeting viral antigens and tumor-associated antigens (TAAs).

Main Methods:

Review of recent data on adoptive immunotherapy targeting viral antigens.
Exploration of oral immune modulation strategies against TAAs.
Investigation of pulsed innate immune cells and gut adjuvants for HCC suppression.

Main Results:

Immunotherapeutic strategies demonstrate potential in suppressing HCC growth in preclinical models.
Targeting hepatitis B/C viral antigens and TAAs can activate HCC-specific immune responses.
Various immune modulation techniques are under investigation for HCC treatment.

Conclusions:

Immunotherapy offers a promising avenue for treating Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC).
Novel approaches like adoptive transfer and immune modulation are key to enhancing anti-tumor immunity.
Further research into these immunotherapeutic strategies is crucial for clinical application in HCC.