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Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction

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IntroductionThe mitral valve, one of the heart's four valves, regulates blood flow. These valves have flaps that open and close to direct blood properly through the heart and body. During each heartbeat, the flaps open for blood to pass through and seal shut to prevent backflow. Specifically, the mitral valve opens to allow blood flow from the heart's upper left chamber to the lower left chamber. It then closes securely as the lower left chamber contracts to pump blood to the body, preventing...

Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction

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IntroductionAortic regurgitation is characterized by the backward flow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole and arises from the improper closure of the aortic valve. This condition results in left ventricular volume overload and can stem from both acute and chronic etiologies, each contributing uniquely to the disease's progression and symptomatology.Acute and Chronic CausesAcute aortic regurgitation often results from events that suddenly impair the integrity of the...

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Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction

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Mitral regurgitation is characterized by the backward circulation of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium during systole, a phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart contracts and pumps blood out of the chambers. This abnormal flow occurs primarily due to the dysfunction of the mitral valve or its supporting structures, which include the mitral leaflets, chordae tendineae, annulus, and papillary muscles.Etiology and Mechanisms:Primary Mitral Regurgitation: This type arises from...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 6, 2026

Full-root Aortic Valve Replacement by Stentless Aortic Xenografts in Patients with Small Aortic Roots

Full-root Aortic Valve Replacement by Stentless Aortic Xenografts in Patients with Small Aortic Roots

Published on: May 21, 2017

Aortic sutureless Perceval valve for small root in concomitant mitral valve replacement.

Stefano Moriggia, Cinzia Trumello, Nicola Buzzatti

The Journal of Heart Valve Disease

|July 25, 2015

Summary

This case study explores the off-label use of a sutureless aortic valve in a patient with a small aortic annulus, successfully managing severe aortic stenosis and mitral regurgitation.

Area of Science:

Cardiovascular Surgery
Interventional Cardiology
Medical Device Technology

Background:

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Conventional aortic valves feature sewing rings that limit effective orifice area, complicating implantation in small aortic roots and risking patient-prosthesis mismatch.
Sutureless aortic valves, like the Sorin Perceval, typically exclude concomitant mitral valve replacement (MVR) due to potential interference with stent anchorage.