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Tackling virological failure in HIV-infected children living in Africa

Mohammad-Ali Jenabian1, Cecilia T Costiniuk2, Ralph-Sydney Mboumba Bouassa3

  • 1a 1 Département des Sciences Biologiques et Centre de recherche BioMed, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Montreal, QC, Canada .

Expert Review of Anti-Infective Therapy
|July 25, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Drug resistance causes antiretroviral treatment (ART) failure in children with HIV, particularly in Africa. New strategies are crucial to improve ART effectiveness and overcome challenges in pediatric HIV management.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric infectious diseases
  • HIV/AIDS research
  • Global health

Background:

  • Antiretroviral treatment (ART) failure in children with HIV is a major concern, especially in developing nations.
  • Sub-Saharan Africa bears the highest global burden of pediatric HIV infections.
  • Drug resistance significantly contributes to treatment failure in this vulnerable population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the current status of ART failure in HIV-infected children in Africa.
  • To identify key factors influencing ART failure, including timing of initiation and diagnostic criteria.
  • To explore management strategies and future directions for minimizing ART failure rates.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed.
  • Publications from the last 10 years were included.
  • Studies focused on pediatric populations in Africa, examining ART initiation, failure diagnosis, predictors, and management.

Main Results:

  • Despite ART program scale-up in Africa, significant challenges persist in managing pediatric HIV.
  • Drug resistance is a primary driver of ART failure in HIV-infected children.
  • Current therapeutic and management strategies require enhancement to address existing obstacles.

Conclusions:

  • Novel therapeutic and management strategies are urgently needed to combat ART failure in African children with HIV.
  • Addressing drug resistance and optimizing ART protocols are critical for improving treatment outcomes.
  • Continued research and implementation of innovative approaches are essential for minimizing ART failure rates.

Keywords:
AfricaHIVantiretroviral treatmentchildrenresistance

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