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Esophageal Involvement in Multiple System Atrophy.

Hiroshige Taniguchi1, Hideaki Nakayama2, Kazuhiro Hori3

  • 1Department of Dentistry, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan.

Dysphagia
|July 25, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Multiple system atrophy (MSA) patients with dysphagia frequently experience esophageal food stagnation, unlike those with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). This condition can lead to severe complications like aspiration pneumonia and suffocation, necessitating videofluorography evaluation.

Keywords:
Aspiration pneumoniaDysphagiaEsophageal involvementFood stagnationMultiple system atrophySudden death

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Dysphagia is a common symptom in neurodegenerative diseases.
  • The esophageal involvement in Multiple System Atrophy (MSA) is not well understood.
  • Understanding esophageal dysfunction is crucial for managing patients with MSA and dysphagia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence of esophageal food stagnation in patients with MSA and dysphagia.
  • To compare esophageal food stagnation between MSA and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) patients with dysphagia.
  • To assess the clinical impact and complications of esophageal food stagnation in MSA.

Main Methods:

  • Recruited 16 MSA patients and 16 ALS patients with dysphagia.
  • Utilized videofluorography to assess food stagnation in the esophagus.
  • Monitored disease progression and complications through follow-up videofluorography.

Main Results:

  • 100% of MSA patients (16/16) exhibited esophageal food stagnation (7 severe, 9 mild).
  • Only 25% of ALS patients (4/16) showed mild esophageal food stagnation (P < 0.001).
  • Food stagnation worsened during the disease course in MSA patients, leading to aspiration pneumonia (4/16) and suffocation (1/16).

Conclusions:

  • Esophageal food stagnation is significantly more prevalent in MSA patients with dysphagia compared to ALS patients.
  • Videofluorography is essential for evaluating esophageal food stagnation in MSA patients.
  • Prompt identification and management of esophageal food stagnation are critical to prevent severe complications in MSA.