Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

1.8K
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
1.8K
Modeling in Therapy01:26

Modeling in Therapy

724
Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
724
Interference and Decay01:16

Interference and Decay

578
Forgetting is a complex cognitive phenomenon influenced by several factors, among which interference and decay are particularly prominent. These processes explain why individuals often struggle to retrieve specific information from memory, leading to lapses in recall that can be observed in everyday situations.
Interference occurs when competing memories hinder the retrieval of particular information. It can be classified into two types: proactive and retroactive interference. Proactive...
578
Long-term Potentiation01:25

Long-term Potentiation

3.9K
Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Hebbian LTP
LTP can occur when...
3.9K
Long-term Potentiation01:35

Long-term Potentiation

59.6K
Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre- and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
59.6K
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

1.4K
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
1.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Age-dependent regulation of hematopoiesis by megakaryocytes.

Current opinion in hematology·2026
Same author

Neural signatures of naming retrieval: Theta and Alpha oscillatory dynamics functionally dissociate objects, people and places.

Cognitive neuropsychology·2026
Same author

ERG-deficient endothelium identifies IL-8/CXCR2 axis as a therapeutic target for resolving neutrophilic lung vascular injury.

JCI insight·2026
Same author

Targeting Adipose Tissue Function Protects Against Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction.

Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)·2025
Same author

Neural correlates of semantic typicality during episodic memory retrieval in autism spectrum disorder.

Scientific reports·2025
Same author

Platelet factor 4 regulates hematopoietic stem cell aging.

Blood·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 6, 2026

Dynamic Clamp Methods to Investigate Impaired Neuronal Excitability Associated with Autism
08:44

Dynamic Clamp Methods to Investigate Impaired Neuronal Excitability Associated with Autism

Published on: October 17, 2025

824

Preserved Proactive Interference in Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Joana C Carmo1, Elsa Duarte2, Sandra Pinho3

  • 1Faculdade de Psicologia, Universidade de Lisboa, Alameda da Cidade Universitária, 1649-013, Lisbon, Portugal. joanacostadocarmo@gmail.com.

Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
|July 27, 2015
PubMed
Summary

This study found that individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have preserved semantic memory mechanisms. Their ability to encode and retrieve information remains intact, similar to neurotypical individuals.

Keywords:
Autism spectrum disorderCategorizationEpisodic memorySemantic memoryTypicality

More Related Videos

Testing Sensory and Multisensory Function in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
09:13

Testing Sensory and Multisensory Function in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Published on: April 22, 2015

17.3K
A Semantic Priming Event-related Potential ERP Task to Study Lexico-semantic and Visuo-semantic Processing in Autism Spectrum Disorder
08:17

A Semantic Priming Event-related Potential ERP Task to Study Lexico-semantic and Visuo-semantic Processing in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Published on: April 12, 2018

11.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 6, 2026

Dynamic Clamp Methods to Investigate Impaired Neuronal Excitability Associated with Autism
08:44

Dynamic Clamp Methods to Investigate Impaired Neuronal Excitability Associated with Autism

Published on: October 17, 2025

824
Testing Sensory and Multisensory Function in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
09:13

Testing Sensory and Multisensory Function in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Published on: April 22, 2015

17.3K
A Semantic Priming Event-related Potential ERP Task to Study Lexico-semantic and Visuo-semantic Processing in Autism Spectrum Disorder
08:17

A Semantic Priming Event-related Potential ERP Task to Study Lexico-semantic and Visuo-semantic Processing in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Published on: April 12, 2018

11.3K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Developmental Psychology

Background:

  • Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by social communication deficits and restricted, repetitive behaviors.
  • The semantic system, responsible for organizing and retrieving word meanings, is crucial for language comprehension and cognitive functioning.
  • Previous research on semantic processing in ASD has yielded mixed results, necessitating further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To further evaluate the functioning and structure of the semantic system in high-functioning adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).
  • To investigate semantic encoding and retrieval mechanisms using the Proactive Interference (PI) Paradigm.
  • To examine the impact of typicality manipulation on semantic processing in ASD.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the Proactive Interference (PI) Paradigm with 19 high-functioning young adults with ASD and 20 age-, verbal IQ-, and education-matched neurotypical controls.
  • Conducted two experiments: Experiment 1 assessed baseline PI effects, while Experiment 2 manipulated the level of typicality within the PI paradigm.
  • Analyzed group performance across trials to identify significant effects and interactions.

Main Results:

  • Both groups demonstrated significant effects of trial and group, indicating preserved proactive interference (build-up effect).
  • No significant trial by group interactions were observed, suggesting similar patterns of semantic encoding and retrieval.
  • Performance was consistent across different levels of typicality, further supporting intact semantic mechanisms.

Conclusions:

  • The findings provide robust evidence for preserved semantic encoding and retrieval mechanisms in high-functioning adults with ASD.
  • The semantic system in ASD appears to function similarly to that of neurotypical individuals regarding proactive interference.
  • This study contributes to a better understanding of cognitive functioning in ASD, particularly in semantic memory processes.