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Related Concept Videos

Disorders of the Female Reproductive System01:24

Disorders of the Female Reproductive System

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The female reproductive system can be affected by several disorders, including Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS), Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD), endometriosis, and various forms of cancer. PMS and PMDD are cyclical conditions that cause physical and emotional distress, with symptoms that include edema, mood swings, and food cravings. PMDD is a more severe form of PMS characterized by increased symptom severity that peaks during the luteal phase and tends to improve or resolve shortly after...
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Infertility in Females01:28

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Female infertility is defined as the inability to conceive after a year of regular, unprotected intercourse and affects about 10–15% of couples worldwide. The primary cause of female infertility is ovulatory disorders, which hinder the release of eggs. These disorders can be classified as hypothalamic amenorrhea, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), premature ovarian failure, and hyperprolactinemic anovulation disorders.
Endometriosis, a condition characterized by abnormal growth of...
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Disorders of the Male Reproductive System01:20

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Men's health issues are increasingly recognized as significant, with several conditions posing common threats. Among these, testicular cancer is especially prevalent in younger men, particularly those aged 20 to 35 years. The disease often manifests as a painless mass in the testicles, sometimes accompanied by a sensation of heaviness or a dull ache.
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Sex-linked Disorders01:43

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Like autosomes, sex chromosomes contain a variety of genes necessary for normal body function. When a mutation in one of these genes results in biological deficits, the disorder is considered sex-linked.
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Infertility in Males01:23

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Male infertility affects millions of couples worldwide, arising from various factors that impact different stages of the reproductive process. An endocrine imbalance resulting from conditions like hypogonadism, Klinefelter syndrome, or pituitary disorders can disrupt hormone levels and reduce sperm production. Testicular defects, such as tumors, cryptorchidism, atrophic testes, abnormal sperm morphology, and low sperm count or motility, may arise due to genetic factors, structural...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 6, 2026

Analysis of Chromosome Segregation, Histone Acetylation, and Spindle Morphology in Horse Oocytes
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Reproductive Disorders in Horses.

Timothy A Snider1

  • 1Department of Pathobiology, 250 McElroy Hall, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA.

The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Equine Practice
|July 27, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Equine reproductive diseases are common and costly. This review details male and female equine reproductive tract pathology, aiding diagnosis through gross and histologic features, and diagnostic tests.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Pathology
  • Equine Reproduction

Background:

  • Reproductive diseases significantly impact horse health and the equine industry economically.
  • Veterinary expertise is crucial for managing equine reproductive health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of equine reproductive tract pathology.
  • To emphasize recognition of diseases through clinical and gross features.
  • To include essential histologic parameters and ancillary diagnostic approaches.

Main Methods:

  • Review of pathology and diagnostics for male and female equine reproductive tracts.
  • Emphasis on gross and clinical recognition of diseases.
  • Inclusion of relevant histologic parameters.
  • Discussion of ancillary diagnostic tests and approaches.
Keywords:
AbortionFemaleHorseMaleOvaryReproductionTesticleTheriogenology

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Main Results:

  • Detailed overview of common equine reproductive pathologies.
  • Guidance on identifying lesions via gross and clinical examination.
  • Integration of histologic findings and diagnostic strategies.

Conclusions:

  • This review enhances understanding of equine reproductive diseases for veterinarians.
  • Improved diagnostic capabilities for male and female equine reproductive conditions.
  • Aids in managing the economic impact of reproductive diseases in horses.