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Related Concept Videos

Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

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Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune...
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Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions01:19

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions

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Type III hypersensitivity reactions occur when antigen–antibody complexes form and activate the complement system. Normally, these complexes help the clearance of antigens by phagocytes and red blood cells. However, when large numbers of immune complexes are present, they can deposit in tissues—particularly in the walls of blood vessels—leading to inflammation and tissue injury. These deposits trigger complement activation and neutrophil recruitment, resulting in serum...
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Immunodeficiency Diseases01:25

Immunodeficiency Diseases

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Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency...
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Cross-reactivity00:42

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Overview
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What is the Immune System?01:38

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Hypersensitivities01:30

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Hypersensitivity, also known as a hypersensitivity reaction or allergic reaction, is a condition where the body's immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance. Such substances, that cause hypersensitivity are referred to as an allergen, could be something typically harmless to most people, like pollen or certain foods.
Types of Hypersensitivities
Hypersensitivity reactions are categorized into four types: Type 1, Type 2, Type 3, and Type 4. Each type has a distinct mechanism...
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Related Experiment Video

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Murine Bilateral Renal Lymphadenectomy
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Human autoimmune diseases: a comprehensive update.

Lifeng Wang1, Fu-Sheng Wang1, M Eric Gershwin2

  • 1Research Center for Biological Therapy, The Institute of Translational Hepatology, Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, China.

Journal of Internal Medicine
|July 28, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Human autoimmunity research has advanced understanding and therapies. Genetic and environmental factors contribute to autoimmune diseases, with new treatments emerging.

Keywords:
Immune toleranceImmunopathologyautoantibodiesgenetics and autoimmunity

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Autoimmunity research

Background:

  • Autoimmunity understanding advanced significantly over the last 50 years.
  • Pioneering work on the 'forbidden clone' advanced understanding of lymphoid cell development and self-reactive cell deletion.
  • Current theories propose genetic predisposition and environmental triggers for autoimmune diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review advances in autoimmunity research, classification, diagnosis, and therapies.
  • To highlight the interplay of genetic and environmental factors in autoimmune disease development.
  • To discuss the impact of cytokines, chemokines, and novel therapies on autoimmune conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of historical and contemporary research in human autoimmunity.
  • Analysis of genetic and environmental factors influencing autoimmune disease.
  • Examination of therapeutic strategies targeting inflammatory pathways.

Main Results:

  • Significant improvements in autoimmunity classification, diagnosis, and therapies.
  • Identification of cytokines and chemokines has led to effective treatments, especially for rheumatoid arthritis.
  • Genetic risk prediction for autoimmune diseases remains challenging, with significant environmental influence.

Conclusions:

  • Advances in understanding autoimmunity have improved patient outcomes and opened new therapeutic avenues.
  • Future research focusing on multiplex platforms and novel agents promises further breakthroughs in autoimmune disease management.
  • The complex interplay of genetics, environment, and stochastic factors underscores the need for continued investigation into autoimmune mechanisms.