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Ethnic differences in adolescents' identity status and associated behavior problems.

M J Rotheram-Borus1

  • 1Division of Child Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032.

Journal of Adolescence
|December 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary

Adolescent identity status varied by ethnicity and grade, with White students exploring ethnic roles more. Moratorium status correlated with more behavior problems and lower self-esteem across all groups.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Sociology
  • Developmental Psychology

Background:

  • Adolescent identity development is crucial, influenced by factors like ethnicity and social context.
  • Understanding the interplay between ethnic identity and overall identity status is key for developmental research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the relationships between ethnicity, identity status, and psychosocial outcomes in adolescents.
  • To investigate how ethnic identity exploration and commitment relate to overall identity formation.
  • To assess the association between identity status and behavior problems, social competence, and self-esteem.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 330 high school students from diverse ethnic backgrounds (White, Black, Puerto Rican, Filipino).
  • Utilized self-report inventories to assess identity status (achieved, moratorium, foreclosed, diffuse) across occupational, political, and religious domains.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Assessed ethnic status through exploration and commitment to one's ethnic role.

    • Main Results:

    • White students in upper grades reported higher moratorium scores and greater ethnic role exploration/commitment compared to minority students.
    • No significant ethnic differences were found in the relationships between identity status and behavior problems, social competence, or self-esteem.
    • Adolescent boys showed higher moratorium status regarding ethnic roles than girls; grade and sex differences aligned with developmental theories.

    Conclusions:

    • While ethnic identity exploration varied by ethnicity and gender, the psychosocial correlates of identity status were consistent across ethnic groups.
    • Moratorium identity status was linked to increased behavior problems, reduced social competence, and lower self-esteem in adolescents.
    • Findings highlight the complex interplay of ethnicity, identity development, and psychosocial adjustment in adolescence.