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Related Concept Videos

Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

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Mitral stenosis is a heart condition in which the mitral valve, which allows blood to flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, becomes narrowed or stenotic. This narrowing hinders blood flow and leads to clinical symptoms requiring specific medical evaluations and management strategies. The following overview outlines the clinical symptoms, assessments, diagnostic findings, prevention methods, and treatments for mitral stenosis.Clinical ManifestationsDyspnea (shortness of breath): This...
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Aortic valve regurgitation (AR) occurs when the aortic valve fails to close properly, allowing blood to flow backward from the aorta into the left ventricle. This backflow can result in two distinct clinical presentations: acute and chronic AR, each characterized by its own set of symptoms and physical findings.Acute Aortic RegurgitationAcute AR presents with a sudden onset of severe symptoms. Patients typically experience profound dyspnea (shortness of breath), chest pain, and signs of left...
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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...
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Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System II:Types of Echocardiography01:20

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Echocardiography plays a role in assessing cardiac health and detecting heart conditions, with various types providing critical insights for diagnosis and treatment.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 6, 2026

Morphological and Functional Assessment of the Right Ventricle Using 3D Echocardiography
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4D flow MRI can detect subtle right ventricular dysfunction in primary left ventricular disease.

Alexandru Grigorescu Fredriksson1,2, Emil Svalbring1, Jonatan Eriksson1,3

  • 1Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.

Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging : JMRI
|July 28, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Four-dimensional flow MRI detects subtle right ventricular (RV) dysfunction in patients with left ventricular (LV) disease. Conventional imaging failed to identify these early RV changes, highlighting 4D flow MRI

Keywords:
4D flow MRIinterventricular interactionleft ventricular diseaseright ventricular function

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Imaging
  • Medical Physics
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Primary left ventricular (LV) disease can impact right ventricular (RV) function.
  • Early detection of RV dysfunction is crucial for patient management.
  • Conventional imaging techniques may not detect subtle RV functional changes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the capability of 4D flow magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in identifying subtle RV dysfunction.
  • To compare 4D flow MRI findings with conventional RV indices in patients with primary LV disease.

Main Methods:

  • Acquisition of 4D flow and morphological 3T MRI data in patients with mild ischemic heart disease and healthy controls.
  • Segmentation of RV volume at end-diastole (ED) and end-systole (ES).
  • Analysis of RV blood flow components, including Direct Flow (DF) and its kinetic energy (KE), using pathline tracing.

Main Results:

  • Patients with higher LV end-diastolic volume index (LVEDVI) showed significantly lower RV 4D flow-specific measures (DF/EDV volume-ratio and DF/EDV KE-ratio at ED) compared to controls and lower-LVEDVI groups.
  • No significant differences in conventional MRI and echocardiographic RV indices were observed between the groups.
  • 4D flow MRI revealed impaired RV function in the higher-LVEDVI group that was not detectable by conventional methods.

Conclusions:

  • 4D flow MRI can detect mild RV dysfunction in the presence of primary LV disease.
  • Conventional MRI and echocardiographic indices are insufficient for identifying these subtle RV functional impairments.
  • 4D flow MRI offers a promising tool for early assessment of RV function in LV disease.