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Fluoride adsorption on γ - Fe2O3 nanoparticles.

Lakmal Jayarathna^1,2, Athula Bandara³, W J Ng⁴

¹Material Technology Section, Industrial Technology Institute, No 363, Bauddhaloka Mawatha, Colombo 07, Sri Lanka.

Journal of Environmental Health Science & Engineering

|July 28, 2015

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Synthesized gamma-Fe2O3 nanoparticles effectively remove over 95% of fluoride from drinking water within 15 minutes. This study highlights their potential for water purification, showing high efficiency in fluoride adsorption.

Keywords:

Adsorption and removal DFT FTIR Fluoride Gaussian 09 High efficiency Molecular modeling γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles

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Area of Science:

Environmental Science
Materials Science
Nanotechnology

Background:

Global issue of fluoride contamination in groundwater from natural and human sources.
Need for effective methods to ensure clean aquatic systems.
Investigating synthesized gamma-Fe2O3 nanoparticles for fluoride removal.

Purpose of the Study:

To synthesize and characterize gamma-Fe2O3 nanoparticles for fluoride ion removal.
To evaluate the efficiency and mechanism of fluoride adsorption.
To assess the potential of these nanoparticles in water purification.

Main Methods:

Co-precipitation method for nanoparticle synthesis.
Characterization using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM).
Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations for modeling molecular properties.
Batch adsorption studies to determine fluoride removal efficiency and influencing factors like pH.

Main Results:

Synthesized gamma-Fe2O3 nanoparticles exhibited initial sizes around 5 nm, aggregating to 5-20 nm.
Achieved high fluoride adsorption efficiency, removing approximately 95% within 15 minutes.
Adsorption rate decreased after equilibrium, with efficiency being pH-dependent (higher at lower pH).
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) confirmed direct interaction between fluoride and nanoparticles.

Conclusions:

Fluoride removal mechanism involves dehydoxylation of hydroxyl groups and formation of inner-spherically bonded complexes.
FT-IR and ionic strength dependence data support direct chemical interaction.
DFT calculations showed good agreement with experimental observations.
Gamma-Fe2O3 nanoparticles demonstrate significant potential for effective fluoride removal from drinking water.