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Prevalence of oral Candida in the first year of life

C Stecksén-Blicks1, E Granström1, S A Silfverdal2

  • 1Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.

Mycoses
|July 28, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Oral Candida colonization affects 11-15% of infants in their first year. Factors like pets and siblings, along with breast milk lactoferrin, influence its prevalence.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Pediatrics
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Infant gut microbiome development is shaped by early exposures and breast milk.
  • Oral Candida colonization is common in infants, but influencing factors require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of oral Candida in infants during the first year of life.
  • To explore associations between oral Candida colonization and various maternal/infant exposures, including breast milk composition.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal study of 100 healthy infants from birth to 12 months.
  • Oral Candida screening at multiple time points (4, 8 weeks, 3, 6, 12 months).
  • Data collection on delivery mode, feeding, health, medications, living conditions, and breast milk factors (lactoferrin, antisecretory factor).

Main Results:

  • Oral Candida prevalence ranged from 11% to 15% across the study period.
  • No conclusive impact of initial exposures (delivery mode, birth weight, etc.) was found.
  • Presence of furry pets was associated with lower Candida frequency at 3 months (P < 0.05).
  • Infants with older siblings showed higher Candida colonization at 12 months (P < 0.01).
  • Breast milk lactoferrin was negatively associated with Candida colonization at 6 months.

Conclusions:

  • Oral Candida colonization affects a significant portion of infants in their first year.
  • Environmental factors like pets and siblings, and breast milk components like lactoferrin, play a role in infant oral Candida colonization.

Keywords:
Antisecretory factorenvironmentfungal infectioninfantsmothersoral

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