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Self-Fulfilling Prophecies in Ability Settings.

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This summary is machine-generated.

Coaches' expectations influenced basketball players' performance and confidence. Positive expectations led to more shots, higher success rates, and increased player confidence, demonstrating the self-fulfilling prophecy in sports.

Keywords:
Pygmalion effectexpectationsself-fulfilling prophecysports

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Social Psychology
  • Sports Psychology

Background:

  • Interpersonal expectations can create self-fulfilling prophecies.
  • Previous research indicates expectations influence behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of ability-based expectations on performance in a sports context.
  • To examine how coaches' false expectations affect players' opportunities, performance, and confidence.

Main Methods:

  • Participants were assigned roles as coaches and players in a basketball free-throw shooting task.
  • Coaches were given false expectations regarding players' shooting abilities.
  • Coaches allocated varying numbers of shooting opportunities based on these expectations.

Main Results:

  • Players receiving more opportunities (due to positive expectations) made a higher percentage of free throws.
  • Players allocated more shots demonstrated increased confidence post-task compared to those with fewer opportunities.
  • The coaches' false expectations were confirmed by the players' performance.

Conclusions:

  • Ability-based expectations significantly influence behavioral interactions and outcomes in sports.
  • The self-fulfilling prophecy is evident in how coaches' expectations shape player performance and confidence.
  • Interventions targeting coaches' expectations could enhance athlete development and performance.