Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 25, 2026

Endoscopic Endonasal Trans-sphenoidal Approach: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Pituitary Adenomas
Published on: January 17, 2018
[Maxillary sinus by waters' view-superimposed structures]
Abstract:
The image of the maxillary sinus obtained by Waters' view contains such superimposed structures as lateral extensions of the sphenoidal sinus and posterior ethmoidal cells. Planimetric evaluations were done for the maxillary sinus itself and the two superimposed sinuses. The medial portion of maxillary sinus is occupied by these two sinuses and the areas covered by these amount to one third of the maxillary sinus' area. To properly interpret the radiolucency of the maxillary sinus, the areas covered by these two sinuses and the areas corresponding to the zygomatic recess should be avoided. The proper radiolucency of the maxillary sinus should be evaluated at the central portion, namely at and around the point where the vertical line passing the inferior orbital canal and the horizontal line passing the foramen rotundum meet each other.
Related Concept Videos
Cranial Bones: Superior and Posterior View
The frontal bone is the single bone that forms the forehead. At its anterior midline, between the eyebrows, there is a slight depression called the glabella. The frontal bone also forms the supraorbital margin of the orbit. Near the middle of this margin is the supraorbital foramen, the opening that provides passage for a sensory nerve to the forehead. The frontal bone is thickened just above each supraorbital margin,...
Cranial Bones: Lateral View
The temporal bone forms the lower lateral side of the skull. The temporal bone is subdivided into several regions. The flattened upper portion is the squamous portion of the temporal bone. Below this area and projecting anteriorly is the zygomatic process of the temporal bone, which forms the posterior portion of the zygomatic arch. Posteriorly is the mastoid portion of the temporal bone. Projecting...
Anatomy of the Brain: Ventricles
Nose and Nasal Cavity
Anatomy of Respiratory System I: Upper Respiratory Tract
Nose and nasal cavity
The nose and nasal cavity represent the main external openings of the respiratory tract.

