JC polyomavirus nephropathy confirmed by using an in-house polymerase chain reaction method

Area of Science:

• Nephrology
• Virology
• Transplantation Immunology

Background:

• Polyomaviruses, including JC virus (JCV) and BK virus (BKV), are common in kidney transplant recipients.
• Viral infections can lead to significant complications, including nephropathy and graft dysfunction.

Observation:

• A kidney transplant recipient presented with a decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).
• Renal allograft biopsy showed polyomavirus-associated tubulointerstitial nephritis and Simian Virus 40 (SV40) positivity.

Findings:

• The case confirmed an isolated JC virus (JCV) infection, with no concurrent BK virus (BKV) co-infection.
• Real-time PCR assay on biopsy tissue specifically detected JCV while ruling out BKV.

Implications:

• This case highlights the importance of considering isolated JCV infections in post-transplant nephropathy.
• Accurate diagnosis and timely management are crucial for preserving kidney allograft function.