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The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent...
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Human Circadian Phenotyping and Diurnal Performance Testing in the Real World
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Sleep, Circadian Rhythms, and Anxious Traits.

Meredith E Coles1, Jessica R Schubert, Jacob A Nota

  • 1Department of Psychology, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY, USA, mcoles@binghamton.edu.

Current Psychiatry Reports
|July 29, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Excessive anxiety is linked to sleep and circadian rhythm disruptions. Addressing sleep problems may offer new treatments for heightened anxiety and improve well-being.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Sleep Medicine

Background:

  • Anxiety is an adaptive emotion, but extreme anxiety causes distress.
  • Sleep and circadian rhythm disruptions are increasingly recognized as linked to anxiety.
  • Understanding these links is crucial for developing effective anxiety treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the intersections between sleep, circadian rhythms, and anxiety.
  • To review evidence linking anxiety with sleep and circadian rhythm disruptions.
  • To discuss the implications for treating heightened anxiety.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on anxiety, sleep, and circadian rhythms.
  • Analysis of data from clinical and nonclinical samples across age groups.

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  • Examination of cognitive and emotional patterns associated with sleep disruptions.

    • Main Results:

    • Accumulating evidence shows anxiety is associated with disrupted sleep and circadian rhythms.
    • Sleep disruptions correlate with anxiety-related traits like anxiety sensitivity, neuroticism, and perfectionism.
    • Specific patterns of cognition and emotion are linked to sleep disturbances in anxiety.

    Conclusions:

    • Disruptions in sleep amount and timing are significantly associated with anxiety.
    • Delineating the role of sleep disturbances offers a promising avenue for anxiety treatment.
    • Targeting sleep problems may improve outcomes for individuals with heightened anxiety.