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Related Concept Videos

Overview of Regeneration and Repair01:19

Overview of Regeneration and Repair

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Regeneration and repair processes are critical in healing damages caused by injury, disease, and aging. In regeneration, the damaged tissue is entirely replaced with new growth that restores the original architecture and function. In contrast, tissue repair usually results in a fixed tissue architecture involving scar formation. Scars generally do not reestablish tissue function and may also exhibit structural abnormalities at the injury site.
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After cellular or tissue damage, the resident stem cells present in the human body can locally repair and regenerate the damaged tissue or organ. However, even though some tissues do not have stem cells, they can repair and regenerate with the help of pre-existing cells. For example, beta cells of the pancreas and hepatocytes of the liver can divide to renew and regenerate the tissue. Here, both cell division and cell death are well regulated by homeostasis.
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Whole Body Regeneration01:33

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Regeneration is the process of restoring injured or lost tissues, organs, or body parts. While simpler organisms generally show greater ability to regenerate their whole body, few complex animals show similarly exceptional regeneration. For example, planarian flatworms have a unique regenerative potential making them a popular study organism among biologists to understand the mechanisms of whole body regeneration. Other organisms, such as hydra, also show extreme regeneration potential;...
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Epidermal stem cells (EpiSCs) are mainly located at the basal layer of the epidermis. These cells repair minor injuries of the skin and replace dead skin cells. However, EpiSCs’ cannot heal severe wounds such as major burns or those from diabetes or hereditary disorders. In such cases, culturing the epidermal stem cells from the patient is possible and has yielded successful treatment options, such as laboratory-grown skin grafts. These grafts are synthesized using a patient’s own...
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Organisms are capable of detecting and fixing nucleotide mismatches that occur during DNA replication. This sophisticated process requires identifying the new strand and replacing the erroneous bases with correct nucleotides. Mismatch repair is coordinated by many proteins in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
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Following injury, the integrity of the injured tissues must be reestablished. For example, in skin tissue, wound repair involves coordination among resident skin cells, blood mononuclear cells, extracellular matrix, growth factors, and cytokines to complete the healing cascade.
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Assembling Molecular Shuttles Powered by Reversibly Attached Kinesins
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Biomimetic Self-Healing.

Charles E Diesendruck1, Nancy R Sottos2, Jeffrey S Moore3

  • 1Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 32000 (Israel).

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|July 29, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Scientists are developing self-healing synthetic materials inspired by nature's ability to repair itself. These advanced materials can restore mechanical integrity and function after damage, increasing longevity.

Keywords:
mechanochemistrymicrocapsulesmicrovascular regenerationself-healing

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Chemistry
  • Mechanical Engineering
  • Biomimetic Design

Background:

  • Self-healing is a natural biological process enhancing organism longevity and adaptability.
  • Evolution has optimized self-healing in living organisms over billions of years.
  • Synthetic materials are being engineered with self-healing properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the emerging field of self-healing synthetic materials.
  • To describe the fundamental principles and interdisciplinary nature of this science.
  • To highlight the biomimetic approach in materials development.

Main Methods:

  • Mimicking mechanically triggered chemistry.
  • Replicating storage and delivery of liquid reagents.
  • Integrating principles from chemistry, physics, materials science, and mechanical engineering.

Main Results:

  • Development of synthetic materials with extended longevity.
  • Restoration of mechanical integrity in damaged materials.
  • Regaining of additional functions post-damage.

Conclusions:

  • Self-healing materials offer enhanced durability and adaptability.
  • Biomimetic strategies are key to advancing synthetic self-healing capabilities.
  • This interdisciplinary field holds significant potential for future material innovations.