Infertility in a young woman with Type 2 diabetes

Ovulatory dysfunction is the most common female cause of infertility in the UK.Polycystic ovarian syndrome is associated with oligo-ovulation and Type 2 diabetes.Good glycaemic control is essential before getting pregnant to prevent congenital malformations and miscarriages in young women with Type 2 diabetes.Metformin is safe in the first trimester and reduces the rate of miscarriages and gestational diabetes.Labetalol, methyldopa and hydralazine are deemed safer in pregnancy.Women should not conceive on statins due their potential teratogenic effects.

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a frequently encountered condition in general practice and can have a significant impact on the quality of life of young women. Apart from addressing ovulatory problems in these women, it is important to remember to screen for other associated conditions such as Type 2 diabetes, hypertension or hypercholesterolaemia. This article outlines the pathophysiology of PCOS and its diagnostic pathways and also summarises the safety of medical management for the metabolic complications in pregnant women. It is important for healthcare professionals to be aware of the latest guidance for treatment of PCOS in order to provide high-standard evidencebased care.