Maternofetal Trauma in Craniosynostosis.
Jordan Swanson1, Adam Oppenheimer, Faisal Al-Mufarrej
1Seattle, Wash. From the Craniofacial Center, Seattle Children's Hospital; and the Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Washington.
Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
|July 29, 2015
Summary
Craniosynostosis increases risks for mothers and babies during birth. Mothers face higher cesarean delivery rates, while infants experience more birth trauma and bleeding, particularly with larger head sizes.
Area of Science:
- Neonatal care
- Obstetrics
- Pediatric surgery
Background:
- Premature cranial suture fusion (craniosynostosis) can reduce skull flexibility, complicating childbirth.
- This may lead to increased risks of cesarean delivery and birth trauma due to cephalopelvic disproportion.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the incidence of perinatal complications in mothers and neonates with craniosynostosis.
- To identify specific craniosynostosis patterns associated with adverse birth outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of birth records for children with nonsyndromic craniosynostosis (1996-2012).
- Focus on birth history and complications, including cesarean delivery rates and neonatal birth trauma.
Main Results:
- Cesarean delivery rates were significantly higher (32.5%) in mothers of infants with craniosynostosis compared to the regional average (24.5%).
- Unplanned cesarean deliveries were linked to nulliparity, breech presentation, and lambdoid/multisuture synostosis.
- Neonatal birth trauma occurred in 1.8% of cases, with sagittal/multisuture synostosis associated with higher trauma risk and larger head circumference.
Conclusions:
- Craniosynostosis elevates maternal risks (cesarean delivery) and fetal risks (birth trauma, bleeding).
- Multisuture or lambdoid synostosis may complicate labor, while larger head size increases fetal birth trauma.
- Prenatal diagnosis of craniosynostosis could aid in labor management decisions.
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