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Coffee consumption and risk of hypertension in the Polish arm of the HAPIEE cohort study

G Grosso1,2, U Stepaniak2, M Polak2

  • 1Integrated Cancer Registry of Catania-Messina-Siracusa-Enna, Catania, Italy.

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition
|July 30, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Drinking 3-4 cups of coffee daily may lower hypertension risk, particularly in non-smokers. This association between coffee consumption and blood pressure (BP) incidence is linked to smoking status, with benefits observed in both men and women.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular epidemiology
  • Nutritional science
  • Public health

Background:

  • Previous research on coffee consumption and blood pressure (BP) has yielded inconsistent results.
  • Understanding the relationship between coffee intake and hypertension risk is crucial for public health guidelines.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between coffee consumption and the risk of developing hypertension.
  • To clarify the role of confounding factors, such as smoking and gender, in this relationship.

Main Methods:

  • A longitudinal study of 2725 participants from the Polish arm of the HAPIEE project.
  • Data collected on coffee consumption, BP, and antihypertensive medication use.
  • Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), with stratification for confounding factors.

Main Results:

  • Coffee consumption was associated with decreased age, smoking status, and total energy intake.
  • Individuals consuming 3-4 cups of coffee per day showed a significantly lower risk of developing hypertension compared to those drinking less than one cup.
  • This protective effect was most pronounced in non-smokers of both sexes, with significant ORs observed for men (0.41) and women (0.54).
  • Consuming more than 4 cups of coffee daily did not show a significant association with increased hypertension risk.

Conclusions:

  • The relationship between coffee consumption and hypertension incidence is significantly influenced by smoking status.
  • Moderate coffee consumption (3-4 cups/day) appears to reduce hypertension risk in non-smoking men and women.
Abstract

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