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Related Concept Videos

Anatomical Positions01:11

Anatomical Positions

22.2K
In anatomy, several standard anatomical positions are used as references for describing the position and orientation of different body parts. These positions help provide a common frame of reference when discussing anatomical structures. The anatomical position is the standard reference point for describing the body's position and orientation. In this position:
The body is upright, facing forward, and standing erect.
The feet are parallel and flat on the floor.
The arms are hanging by the...
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Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation II: ACLS Airway Management01:22

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation II: ACLS Airway Management

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Airway management is a key skill in emergency and critical care settings, as maintaining a clear airway is essential for adequate oxygenation and ventilation.Head Tilt-Chin Lift TechniqueThe head tilt-chin lift maneuver is an essential technique primarily used in patients without suspected cervical spine injuries. To perform this maneuver, one hand is placed on the patient’s forehead, and gentle pressure is applied backward to tilt the head. The fingertips of the other hand are positioned...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 6, 2026

External Cephalic Version: Is it an Effective and Safe Procedure?
08:49

External Cephalic Version: Is it an Effective and Safe Procedure?

Published on: June 6, 2020

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External cephalic version for breech presentation before term.

Eileen K Hutton1, G Justus Hofmeyr, Therese Dowswell

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, 1200 Main Street West, MDCL 2215, Hamilton, ON, Canada, L8N 3Z5.

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
|July 30, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

External cephalic version (ECV) before 37 weeks gestation can reduce breech presentations at birth. However, early ECV may increase the risk of preterm labor, necessitating careful discussion with expectant mothers.

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Maternal-Fetal Medicine
  • Perinatal Care

Background:

  • External cephalic version (ECV) is used to convert breech presentations to cephalic before term.
  • While effective at term, ECV success rates are moderate, prompting investigation into earlier interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of initiating ECV before 37 weeks gestation for breech presentation.
  • To assess impacts on fetal presentation, delivery method, preterm birth, and perinatal outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing pre-term ECV with no ECV or term ECV.
  • Searched Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group's Trials Register.
  • Assessed risk of bias and used GRADE for evidence quality.

Main Results:

  • Initiating ECV between 34-35 weeks significantly reduced non-cephalic presentation at birth and vaginal breech delivery compared to term ECV.
  • Early ECV showed no significant difference in cesarean section rates.
  • A statistically significant increase in preterm labor risk was observed with early ECV (6.6% vs 4.3%).

Conclusions:

  • ECV commenced before term reduces non-cephalic presentations at birth.
  • While early ECV (34-35 weeks) may decrease non-cephalic and vaginal breech births, it increases preterm labor risk.
  • Further research on infant morbidity is needed, and informed patient discussion on timing is crucial.