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Age Effects in Adaptive Criterion Learning.

Brittany S Cassidy1,2, Angela H Gutchess2

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|July 31, 2015
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Older adults show adaptive criterion placement in memory tasks, similar to younger adults. However, age-related conservative biases may limit their ability to shift criteria towards more lenient responses.

Keywords:
Adaptive criterion learningAgingMemoryResponse bias

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience of Aging
  • Human Memory

Background:

  • Prior research explored age-related changes in criterion placement and flexibility in memory tasks.
  • Few studies have investigated these constructs using adaptive feedback to guide criterion adjustments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess age differences in how young and older adults adapt and shift criteria in recognition memory decisions.
  • To examine the impact of trial-by-trial feedback on criterion adjustments in different age groups.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of young and older adults participated in an adaptive criterion learning paradigm.
  • A biased feedback technique was employed over three study/test cycles to encourage liberal or strict responding.

Main Results:

  • Older adults exhibited more conservative response biases than young adults, even when initially prompted towards liberal responding.
  • Both age groups adaptively placed criteria in response to biased feedback.
  • Following conservative feedback, older adults demonstrated less criterion shifting towards leniency compared to young adults.

Conclusions:

  • Findings indicate age-related differences in the lability of adaptive criteria placement and shifting.
  • Tendencies towards conservative response biases in older adults may restrict the extent of criterion shifting in a lenient direction.