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Blunt Cardiac Injury

Evie G Marcolini1, Joshua Keegan2

  • 1Department of Emergency Medicine and Neurology, Division of Neurocritical Care and Emergency Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, 464 Congress Street, Suite 260, New Haven, CT 06519, USA; Division of Neurocritical Care and Emergency Neurology, Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, PO Box 208018, New Haven, CT 06520-8018, USA.

Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America
|August 1, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Blunt cardiac injury, including contusion and rupture, is common and requires prompt diagnosis. Early electrocardiogram and cardiac enzyme tests are crucial for identifying these potentially fatal injuries.

Area of Science:

  • Emergency Medicine
  • Cardiology
  • Trauma Surgery

Background:

  • Blunt cardiac injury (BCI) encompasses diverse injuries like contusion, chamber rupture, and valvular disorders.
  • BCI is a frequent cause of significant morbidity and mortality, necessitating a high index of suspicion for diagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the diagnostic approach and management strategies for blunt cardiac injury.
  • To emphasize the importance of early recognition and appropriate work-up for BCI.

Main Methods:

  • Diagnostic work-up typically includes electrocardiogram and cardiac enzymes.
  • Echocardiography is employed when specific conditions such as tamponade or valvular disorders are suspected.

Main Results:

  • Myocardial contusion requires 24 to 48 hours of observation for arrhythmias.
  • Various significant BCI forms necessitate surgical intervention for effective treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate diagnosis of BCI relies on a high index of suspicion and appropriate diagnostic tools.
  • Management of BCI ranges from observation to urgent surgical repair, depending on the injury type.

Keywords:
Blunt cardiac injuryCardiac concussionCardiac contusionCommotio cordisContusio cordis

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