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Cardiovascular Risk and Its Associated Factors in Health Care Workers in Colombia: A Study Protocol
Edna M Gamboa Delgado1, Lyda Z Rojas Sánchez, Anderson Bermon Angarita
1Fundación Cardiovascular de Colombia, Research Center, Fundación Cardiovascular de Colombia, Floridablanca, Colombia. magalygamboa@yahoo.com.
Insights
This study will assess cardiovascular risk factors in healthcare workers to inform workplace interventions. Identifying these factors is key to preventing avoidable cardiovascular events and promoting healthier lifestyles.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Occupational Health
- Cardiology
Background:
- Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a leading global cause of mortality and a significant public health concern.
- In Colombia, CVDs are the primary cause of death, with a high mortality rate of 152 per 100,000 population.
- A substantial 80% of cardiovascular events are considered preventable.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of cardiovascular risk and associated factors among healthcare institution workers.
- To provide a basis for designing and implementing targeted workplace interventions to mitigate cardiovascular risk.
Main Methods:
- An analytical cross-sectional study involving surveys on lifestyle, medical history, and physical examinations.
- Collection of anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, and blood samples for lipid and glucose profiling.
- Utilizing the Framingham score for a ten-year global cardiovascular disease risk assessment and logistic regression for analysis.
Main Results:
- The study protocol has secured funding.
- The participant enrollment phase is scheduled to commence in the upcoming months.
Conclusions:
- Study findings will guide the development, implementation, and evaluation of a health promotion program.
- Interventions will focus on promoting healthy lifestyles, including physical activity and nutrition, to prevent and manage cardiovascular risk in healthcare workers.
Background:
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of mortality worldwide, for this reason, they are a public health problem. In Colombia, cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of mortality, having a death rate of 152 deaths per 100,000 population. There are 80% of these cardiovascular events that are considered avoidable.
Objective:
The objective of the study is to determine the prevalence of the cardiovascular risk and its associated factors among the institution's workers in order to design and implement interventions in the work environment which may achieve a decrease in such risk.
Methods:
An analytical cross-sectional study was designed to determine the cardiovascular risk and its associated factors among workers of a high complexity health care institution. A self-applied survey will be conducted considering sociodemographic aspects, physical activity, diet, alcohol consumption, smoking, level of perceived stress, and personal and family history. In a second appointment, a physical examination will be made, as well as anthropometric measurements and blood pressure determination. Also, blood samples for evaluating total and high density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, and fasting blood sugar will be taken. A ten-year global risk for cardiovascular disease will be determined using the Framingham score. A descriptive analysis of the population's characteristics and a stratified analysis by sex, age, and occupation will be made. Bivariate and multivariate analysis will be made using logistic regression models to evaluate the association between cardiovascular risk and the independent variables. The research protocol was approved by the Scientific and Technical Committee and the Ethics Committee on Research of the Fundación Cardiovascular de Colombia.
Results:
The protocol has already received funding and the enrollment phase will begin in the coming months.
Conclusions:
The results of this study will give the foundation for the design, implementation, and evaluation of a program based on promoting healthy lifestyles, such as performing regular physical activity and healthy food intake in order to avoid and/or control the cardiovascular risk in the workers of a high complexity health care institution.
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