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Related Concept Videos

Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview01:24

Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview

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Intravenous anesthetics are drugs administered parenterally to induce anesthesia or sedation. Propofol is a widely used agent formulated as a 1% emulsion in soybean oil, glycerol, and egg phosphatide. It induces rapid anesthesia primarily due to its rapid distribution from the bloodstream to target tissues and is metabolized in the liver. However, it can cause significant pain on injection and hypertriglyceridemia. Fospropofol, a water-based prodrug of propofol, lacks these adverse effects.
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General Anesthesia: Overview01:24

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Anesthesia is a medical procedure that uses drugs for CNS suppression to enable painless surgeries and procedures. The selection of anesthetics is influenced by their pharmacokinetic properties, side effects, and patient characteristics. Various types of anesthesia include general, local, regional, spinal, and inhalational.
General anesthesia induces unconsciousness in the whole body, while the others target specific areas or sensations. It is administered to minimize adverse effects, maintain...
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Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Intravenous Regional Anesthesia01:16

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Intravenous Regional Anesthesia

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Intravenous regional anesthesia or the Bier block technique is used to anesthetize a specific limb or extremity. It uses exsanguinated or blood-drained vessels to transport local anesthetics or LAs to the peripheral nerve trunks. Lidocaine without vasoconstrictors like epinephrine is most commonly used for this technique. Other drugs used are prilocaine, ropivacaine, and chloroprocaine. Bupivacaine is not recommended for this technique due to its high cardiac toxicity.
One of the advantages of...
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Stages of General Anesthesia01:22

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Various sedation levels offer significant advantages in facilitating procedural interventions for patients undergoing medical or invasive surgical procedures. These levels span from anxiolysis to general anesthesia, providing a spectrum of sedative effects to cater to specific patient needs. Anxiolysis reduces anxiety and is achieved through minimal sedation, enabling patients to remain awake and responsive while feeling more at ease during the procedure. This level can benefit minor...
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Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia01:11

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Spinal anesthetics are given during lower abdomen and limb surgeries to block sensory and motor neurons. They are administered in the mid to low lumbar regions, primarily acting on the cauda equina's nerve roots. The blockade level depends on the local anesthetic (LA) concentration. Usually, low LA concentrations are sufficient to block sensory fibers, while only high LA concentrations block motor fibers. Other factors like injection volume and speed, the patient's posture, and the drug...
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Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia01:29

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia

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Epidural anesthetics are administered in the fat-filled epidural space, the outermost part of the spinal canal. This technique is commonly employed for pain management and anesthesia during lower abdomen and pelvis surgeries or labor and delivery.
Since epidural anesthetics can be infused through an epidural catheter, all types of drugs, including short-acting ones, can be administered. Chloroprocaine and lidocaine are examples of short and long-duration anesthetics, respectively. Bupivacaine...
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Focal Laser Ablation of Prostate Cancer: An Office Procedure
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Three different anesthesia techniques for a comfortable prostate biopsy.

Adnan Şahin1, Cavit Ceylan1, Eymen Gazel1

  • 1Department of Urology, Turkey Yüksek İhtisas Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.

Urology Annals
|August 1, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Periprostatic block anesthesia significantly reduced pain during transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)-guided prostate biopsies compared to intrarectal lidocaine gel and pudendal block. This technique offers improved patient comfort and pain management for prostate biopsies.

Keywords:
Analgesiabiopsyperiprostatic blockprostate

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Anesthesiology
  • Pain Management

Background:

  • Transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)-guided prostate biopsy is a common procedure.
  • Effective pain control is crucial for patient comfort during TRUS-guided prostate biopsies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the efficacy of three anesthesia techniques for TRUS-guided prostate biopsies.
  • To evaluate pain reduction and patient comfort levels associated with different anesthesia methods.

Main Methods:

  • A study involving 90 patients undergoing TRUS-guided prostate biopsies.
  • Patients were randomized into three groups: periprostatic block, intrarectal lidocaine gel, and pudendal block.
  • Pain was assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS).

Main Results:

  • No significant differences in age or PSA values were observed between groups.
  • Periprostatic block anesthesia resulted in significantly lower pain ratings compared to intrarectal lidocaine gel and pudendal block (P = 0.0001).
  • Pain ratings for intrarectal lidocaine gel and pudendal block were high and not significantly different from each other.

Conclusions:

  • Periprostatic block anesthesia is more effective in reducing pain and improving comfort during TRUS-guided prostate biopsies.
  • This technique offers superior pain management compared to intrarectal lidocaine gel and pudendal block.
  • Optimizing anesthesia techniques is essential for patient well-being during prostate biopsy procedures.